new penology has introduced its most important product with the name of selective inacapacitation for surveillance, control and management of high risk criminal. the presumotion of this policy is the committment of most crimes by small groups of criminals who have received the lable of high risking. this approach for achieving its goals, by using prediction tools, has proceeded to select, class...

abstract background: consideration of patient autonomy is an essential element in individualized, patient‑centered, ethical care. internal and external factors associated with patient autonomy are related to culture and it is not clear what they are in iran. the aim of this study was to explore contextual factors affecting the autonomy of patients in iranian hospitals. materials and methods: th...

This work addresses the autonomous organization of biological systems. It does so by considering the boundaries of biological systems, from individual cells to Home sapiens, in terms of the presence of Markov blankets under the active inference scheme-a corollary of the free energy principle. A Markov blanket defines the boundaries of a system in a statistical sense. Here we consider how a coll...

Technological advances have made plausible the design of automated systems that share responsibility with a human operator. The decision to use automation to assist or replace a human operator in safety-critical tasks must account for not only the technological capabilities of the sensor and control subsystems, but also the autonomy, capabilities, and preferences of the human operator. By their...

Objective: The Principle of Respect for Autonomy is integral to the patient-physician relationship, yet within a society that prizes the value of life and remains defined by Confucian-inspired concepts of Beneficence, limits to respect for patient choice are increasingly apparent. This is particularly evident in the end-of-life setting and specifically in situations where terminally ill palliat...

It is necessary to talk about children's and adolescents' education for citizenship beyond the vindication of spaces citizen action. incorporate principle progressive autonomy highlighted by Convention on Rights Child 1989 in terms 'evolving capacities', from knowledge their rights exercise. This article aims analyse concept substantive children adolescents based right participation recognition...

This article seeks to analyze the foundations of idea ​​teaching autonomy today, in neoliberal context alienation, exploitation, worker accountability and how this concept has been used capitalist society from point view reorganizing teaching work. To end, bibliographical research was used, supported by discourse analysis Fairclough (2001), with emphasis on historical, political social ​​autono...

Autonomy has been hailed as the foremost principle of bioethics, and yet patients' decisions and research subjects' voluntary participation are being subjected to frequent restrictions. It has been argued that patient care is best served by a limited form of paternalism because the doctor is better qualified to take critical decisions than the patient, who is distracted by illness. The revival ...

The aim of the study was to identify nurses' ethical values, which become apparent through their behaviour in the interactions with older patients in caring encounters at a geriatric clinic.Descriptions of ethics in a caring practice are a problem since they are vague compared with the four principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.A Grounded Theory methodology was used....