Chapter Overview Natural language processing is increasingly used to support biomedical applications that manipulate information rather than documents. Examples include automatic summarization, question answering, and literature-based scientific discovery. Semantic processing is a method of automatic language analysis that identifies concepts and relationships to represent document content. The...

One of the main problems in research on automatic summarization is the inaccurate semantic interpretation of the source. Using specific domain knowledge can considerably alleviate the problem. In this paper, we introduce an ontology-based extractive method for summarization. It is based on mapping the text to concepts and representing the document and its sentences as graphs. We have applied ou...

Active integrity constraints (AICs) constitute a formalism to associate with a database not just the constraints it should adhere to, but also how to fix the database in case one or more of these constraints are violated. The intuitions regarding which repairs are “good” given such a description are closely related to intuitions that live in various areas of non-monotonic reasoning, such as log...

A topic or a theme is what discourse, a discourse fragment or a sentence is about. It is the shortest summary of a discourse, the main proposition of a paragraph or what is commented on in a sentence. The term topic is usually defined as the aboutness of a unit of discourse [20]. Topic structure within a text can be tackled from two different points of view: from a Document Level (discourse top...

Automatic attentional engagement toward and disengagement from alcohol cues play a role in alcohol use and dependence. In the current study, social drinkers performed a spatial cueing task designed to evoke conflict between such automatic processes and task instructions, a potentially important task feature from the perspective of recent dual-process models of addiction. Subjects received instr...

Digital spatial data are underlying strong temporal changes. The typical approach of updating these changes is to check the data manually by superimposing them on up-to-date orthoimages from aerial or satellite camera systems. The update cycles of large data sets are in the range of several years because the manual inspection of the data is very cost and time consuming. However, spatial analyse...

In this work we present a framework for white point estimation of images under uncalibrated conditions where multiple interpretable solutions can be considered. In this way, we propose to use the colour matching visual cue that has been proved as related to colour constancy. The colour matching process is guided by the introduction of semantic information regarding the image content. Thus, we i...

We investigate one technique to produce a summary of an original text without requiring its full semantic interpretation, but instead relying on a model of the topic progression in the text derived from lexical chains. We present a new algorithm to compute lexical chains in a text, merging several robust knowledge sources: the WordNet thesaurus, a part-of-speech tagger, shallow parser for the i...

background regarding the increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, efficient factors such as happiness seems vital in reducing hospitalization of cardiovascular patients. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress coping styles, negative automatic thoughts, life quality and happiness in hospitalized cardiovascular patients in ahvaz, iran. material and m...

The development of larger scale natural language systems has been hampered by the need to manually create mappings from syntactic structures into meaning representations. A new approach to semantic interpretation is proposed, which uses partial syntactic structures as the main unit of abstraction for interpretation rules. This approach can work for a variety of syntactic representations corresp...