REFERENCES 1. Heurgué A, Vitry F, Diebold MD, et al. Overlap syndrome of primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis: a retrospective study of 115 cases of autoimmune liver disease. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2007; 31:17-25. 2. Rust C, Beuers U. Overlap syndromes among autoimmune liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14:3368-73. 3. Ebert EC. Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations...

background: immune thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) is an autoimmune disease that can cause bleeding disorders in patients, and presents in acute and chronic forms. the acute form is frequently seen in children, but the chronic form mainly inflicts adults. there are differences and similarities in clinical and laboratory findings of the disease between children and adults. we study these differen...

autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (aps) type 2 is characterized by the presence of addison's disease, in association with autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type 1 diabetes mellitus. aps type 2 occurs most often in middle aged females and is rare in children. here an 11 year old boy is reported with addison's disease who developed symptom's of diabetes mellitus, goiter, malabsorption, macrocytic...

high cortisol level in endogenous cushing’s syndrome suppresses the immune system and after treatment there may be an over activity of immune reaction leading to autoimmune diseases mostly thyroid and rheumatologic disorders. this is the second reported case of multiple sclerosis developing after treatment of cushing’s syndrome. a 42-year old man is reported who presented with bone fracture and...

The liver is often overlooked as a target organ, with pathology either secondary to an underlying disease or due to the toxicity of therapies and the medical complications of extrahepatic diseases. It is thus important for the clinical rheumatologist to be aware of the diagnostic procedure to monitor liver injury. Indeed, systemic rheumatologic diseases may be associated with liver abnormalitie...

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease resulting from the destruction and inflammation of intrahepatic bile ducts. This end-stage was once most common cause transplantation. The use ursodeoxycholic obeticholic acids as a first-line second-line treatment, respectively, slows down disease. However, treatment not effective in about 40% PBC patients, may progress to cirrho...

Autoimmune liver diseases, such as autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis, often have severe consequences for the patient. Because of a lack of appropriate animal models, not much is known about their potential viral etiology. Infection by liver-tropic viruses is one possibility for the breakdown of self-tolerance. Therefore, we infected mice with adenovirus Ad5 expressing hum...

Autoimmune hepatitis is a rare but life threatening autoimmune disease of the liver of unknown etiology(1,2). In the past many attempts have been made to generate an animal model that reflects the characteristics of the human disease (3-5). However, in various models the induction of disease was rather complex and often hepatitis was only transient(3-5). Therefore, we have developed a straightf...

In both autoimmune liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis, the injury results from an immune-mediated cytotoxic T cell response to liver cells. As such, it is not surprising that CD4(+) regulatory T cells, a key regulatory population of T cells able to curb immune responses, could be involved in both autoimmune hepatitis and chronic viral hepatitis. The liver can induce the conversion of naï...

Autoimmune hepatitis is an uncommon disease causing chronic inflammation of the liver and associated with various circulating autoantibodies. It shares some characteristics with other autoimmune liver diseases, such as primary biliary cirrhosis and sclerosing cholangitis. There has been confusion in past years regarding this entity, but there are now recognized diagnostic criteria by which to m...