Linear IgA disease is an autoimmune subepidermal bullous disease in which linear IgA deposits are found at the basement membrane zone. It is classically idiopathic but a drug-induced variant seems to be individualized in which cutaneous lesions resolve spontaneously after cessation of responsible treatment. Among the commonly implicated drugs, vancomycin is the most frequently reported. One sho...

Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP) are autoimmune diseases where autoantibodies target structural proteins of desmosomes or hemidesmosomes, respectively. While PV BP both mediated by autoantibodies, direct comparisons the individual mechanisms inflammatory cell infiltration loss epithelial adherence have not been explored in depth. By applying a cutting-edge spatial transcripto...

Skin mast cells (MCs), a resident immune cell type with broad regulatory capacity, play an important role in sensing danger signals as well as in the control of the local immune response. It is conceivable to expect that skin MCs regulate autoimmune response and are thus involved in autoimmune diseases in the skin, e.g., autoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBD). Therefore, exploring the role of MCs...

BACKGROUND B cells have been demonstrated to have critical roles in developing autoimmune bullous diseases. Recently identified tumor necrosis factor-like molecules, B cell-activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are essential molecules for B cell development, survival, and proliferation. Although the functions of APRIL have not been fully evaluate...

Abstract Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a potentially lethal chronically relapsing autoimmune bullous disorder with intraepithelial lesions affecting the skin and mucous membranes. The prediction of clinical relapse has been studied conventional biopsy plucked hair direct immunofluorescence (DIF; Daneshpazhooh M, Naraghi ZS, Ramezani A et al. Direct for evaluation immunologic remission in PV. J Am ...