This study aims to find the existence of a long-term relationship between subsidized energy, population, inflation, economic growth, and consumption electrical energy in Indonesia for period 1987-2018. In order analyse long run relationship, this research was conducted using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. focused on subsidy, considering that is one four countries still apply energ...

Import policies for food products, including beef, need to support national security while protecting the domestic industry. This study aims develop a model beef import demand of Indonesia. The employed annual secondary data from various sources 1990 2019. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and error correction models (ECM) were adapted predicting long-run short-run demand, by considering in...

Most developing nations need foreign support in order to fill their infrastructural gap. This is also true for Nigeria. One major source of inflow the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). study examines impact FDI on economic output, measured by real GDP, Nigeria while accounting moderating Inflation Rate (INFR), Interest (INTR) and Exchange (EXR). Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model,...

The main objective of this paper is to examine the key determinants public debt in Gambia. To achieve objective, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARD) method was employed impact short-run and long-run selected macroeconomic variables as well a government effectiveness variable determining level Gambia during period 2000 2019. results reveal that trade openness gross fixed capital formation have ...

Purpose The main objective of this study is to examine how political institutions affect economic performance in Ethiopia over the 1980–2019 time periods. Design/methodology/approach Mainly, impact institution indicators including, level democracy, violence, democratic accountability and regime durability have been examined using auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test approach co-int...

Purpose Given the ever-growing fiscal commitments of Nigeria and her chequered history electricity generation distribution, fortunes energy sector in country have been affected by prevalence poverty. Government policies such as public capital expenditure (PCE) present a crucial option for reducing poverty Nigeria, providing purpose this study. Design/methodology/approach To investigate relation...