This paper proposes a new design strategy for optimizing MRI pulse sequences for T1 relaxometry. The design strategy optimizes the pulse sequence parameters to minimize the maximum variance of unbiased T1 estimates over a range of T1 values using the Cramér-Rao bound. In contrast to prior sequences optimized for a single nominal T1 value, the optimized sequence using our bound-based strategy ac...

The fuzzy primal simplex method [15] and the fuzzy dual simplex method [17] have been proposed to solve a kind of fuzzy linear programming (FLP) problems involving symmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The fuzzy simplex method starts with a primal fuzzy basic feasible solution (FBFS) for FLP problem and moves to an optimal basis by walking truth sequence of exception of the optimal basis obtaine...

OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology of sports injuries occurring in a community during 8 years and to evaluate the outcome of an intervention implemented against injuries occurring in downhill skiing. METHODS Hospital treated sports injuries occurring in Harstad, Norway (population 22 600) were recorded prospectively during an 8 year period. A prevention programme targeting downhill skiing...

[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to investigate if lactate thresholds in rats could be accurately determined during downhill running in rats. [Subjects] Twenty-four female Wistar rats were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: the level running group and downhill running group. [Methods] Catheters were inserted into the right external jugular veins of the...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether greater body fat mass (FM) relative to lean mass would result in more severe muscle damage and greater decrements in leg strength after downhill running. The relationship between the FM-to-fat-free mass ratio (FM/FFM) and the strength decline resulting from downhill running (-11% grade) was investigated in 24 male runners [age 23.4 +/- 0.7 (SE)...

1. Linear Programming Problems 1.1. Formulation of Linear Programming Problems 1.2. Examples 1.3. Different Forms of Programs and Transformations 2. Primal and Dual Programs and Polyhedra 2.1 Duality 2.2. Linear Inequalities and Polyhedra 3. The Simplex Method 3.1. The Restriction-oriented Simplex Method 3.2. The Variable-oriented Simplex Method 3.3. Modifications of Methods and Problems 3.4. T...

This work aims to extract optical parameters of coastal sea water with high sediment and chlorophyll content by fitting reflectance spectra to a model. Sea-truth water sampling campaigns were carried out from Dec 1996 to Dec 1999 in coastal waters around Singapore. In-situ reflectance spectra were acquired using a portable spectroradiometer. Laboratory measurement of the total suspended solid (...

M. Braden, M. Meven, W. Reichardt, L. Pintschovius, M. T. Fernandez-Diaz, G. Heger, F. Nakamura, and T. Fujita Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, IFP, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, C.E.A./C.N.R.S., F-91191-Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France Institut für Kristallographie, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany Institut Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France De...

A multidimensional gravitational model with several scalar fields, fields of forms and cosmological constant is considered. When scalar fields are constant and composite p-brane monopole-like ansatz for the fields of forms is adopted, a wide class of solutions on product of n + 1 Einstein spaces is obtained. These solutions are composite p-brane generalizations of the Freund-Rubin solution. Som...

The superconformal structure of coset superspaces with AdSm × Sn geometry of bosonic subspaces is studied. It is shown, in particular, that the conventional superspace extensions of the coset manifolds AdS2 × S2, AdS3 × S3 and AdS5 × S5, which arise as solutions of corresponding D = 4, 6, 10 supergravities and have been extensively studied in connection with AdS/CFT correspondence, are not supe...