This is the fifth annual report of the National Mycobacterial Surveillance System (NMSS), for new and relapsed cases of tuberculosis notified to State and Territory health authorities in 1995. Cases of atypical mycobacterial infection notified to the scheme are also briefly summarised. The notification rate for new cases of tuberculosis was 5.47 per 100,000 population, and for relapsed cases 0....

INTRODUCTION To the best of our knowledge, the association of nasopharyngeal and laryngeal tuberculosis has never been described before in the literature. We report here a first observation. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 38-year-old Arab man who presented with an isolated hoarseness. Radiological and endoscopic examinations showed a thickening of the left lateral wall of his nasop...

The underdiagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis lesions, along with an emerging global resistance to antitubercular drugs, warrants an increased awareness of the involvement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in atypical lesions of oral cavity. Tongue is the most common site of oral tuberculosis. We report a rare presentation of lingual tuberculosis in a 65-year-old male, a chronic tobacco chewer,...

Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection interfere and impact the pathogenesis phenomena of each other. Owing to atypical clinical presentations and diagnostic complications, HIV/TB co-infection continues to be a menace for healthcare providers. Although the increased access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a reduction in HIV-associated opport...

A total of 356 patients were subjected to fibreoptic bronchoscopy from September 1989 to June 1991 to exclude bronchial carcinoma. Bronchial biopsy, bronchial brush smears and bronchial wash were obtained. Bronchial wash was examined for acid fast bacilli (AFB) compatible with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The total number diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis by fibreoptic bronchoscopy was 21(5.8%...

Objective. To investigate the cause of misdiagnosis and the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of thyroid. Methods. Four cases of tuberculosis of thyroid were reported and the related literature was reviewed, as well as the causes of misdiagnosis and the diagnosis and treatment were discussed. Results. Two cases were misdiagnosis as thyroid adenoma and one case as thyroid carcinoma, while ...

Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is one of the most frequently performed procedures in the neurosurgical practice [1]. This simple device results in great improvement in neurological functions and survival of patients with hydrocephalous, at the same time is associated with complications especially infections and malfunctioning. Infections are mainly caused by Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (...

The aim was to evaluate the cellular immune response in atypical tuberculosis and granulomatous inflammation consistent with tuberculosis (TBC), negative histochemically for acid-fast bacilli and analysed by PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) detection in paraffin-embedded tissue. Thirty six samples of differently localized atypical tuberculous lesions and granulomatous tuberculoid lesions...