BACKGROUND Developing countries are at high risk of epidemic increases in tobacco smoking, but the extent of this problem is not clearly defined because few collect detailed smoking data. We have surveyed tobacco smoking in the Ashanti region of Ghana, a rapidly developing African country with a long-established tobacco industry. METHODS We took a random sample of 30 regional census enumerati...

This paper presents an axiomatic model of decision making under uncertainty which incorporates objective but imprecise information. Information is assumed to take the form of a probability-possibility set, that is, a set P of probability measures on the state space. The decision maker is told that the true probability law lies in P and is assumed to rank pairs of the form (P, f) where f is an a...

background: to develop nursing education and promote nursing strategies, there is a need for a staff with positive attitude. the present study was conducted to compare the attitudes among clinical nurses and nursing students toward the nursing profession. materials and methods: in this descriptive study, 313 clinical nurses and 81 nursing students (total n = 394) of tehran, iran, were selected ...

BACKGROUND Administration of quality care in the aged people requires having a positive attitude toward them. Numerous factors including nurses' personality characteristics may play a role in their attitude toward the aged people. Therefore, the present study investigated the association between nurses' personality characteristics and their attitude toward the aged people. MATERIALS AND METHO...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of psychosocial stress and attitude toward illness to psychological adjustment among youth with chronic arthritis. METHODS Seventy-five youths with chronic arthritis aged 8-18 years were administered a semi-structured interview assessing illness-related and nonillness-related stressors in important life domains. Children also completed measures of attitud...

background to develop the culture of breastfeeding, it is needed to know the level of maternal knowledge. hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate maternal knowledge and attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding in six months after birth in shiraz, iran. materials and methods this was a cross-sectional study carried out on mothers who referred to health centers. four health centers were selec...

This study examines the effects of consumer-based product creativity (i.e., novelty and meaningfulness dimensions), product-brand fit, product-category fit on attitude toward purchase intention. A total 544 university students participated in a survey, which respondents were exposed to stimulus image then required respond questionnaire. Structural equation modelling results show that significan...

Abstract While some recent studies found that product perceptions could engender an attitude toward the product's origin-country as a travel destination (destination-attitude), theoretical explanation of phenomenon remains unclear. This study provides causal evidence occurs through mere association effect. Four experiments showed destination-attitude formation occurred via implicit (i.e., uncon...