Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can induce autophagy via the unfolded protein response (UPR), and regulate activation of inflammasomes. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) is a transducer UPR in cells with ER stress. Here, we investigated role IRE1α its impact on rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial (RA-FLSs). RA-FLSs were isolated from (RA) patients stimulated thapsigargin (TG) to ...

In recent years, the association between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) changes and tumorigenesis has been discussed. contrast to human medicine, there are still few studies on molecular basis of canine tumors. One most commonly diagnosed, solid mammary carcinoma, is characterized by its aggressiveness, difficult treatment, generally poor prognosis. The aim study was reveal mutations polymorphisms i...