Thanks to the new satellite technology, global scenes of the dynamical and chemical processes of the atmospheric compounds can be drawn. Ground-based equipments have to be used for comparison/validation of the satellite retrievals. The SPATRAM (SPectrometer for Atmospheric TRacers and Aerosol Measurement) is a UV-Vis spectrometer allowing for the measurements of spectral sky radiance along the ...

A fibre coupled near-infrared superluminescent light emitting diode that emits approximately 10 mW of radiation between 1.62 and 1.7 microm is employed in combination with a broad-band cavity enhanced spectrometer consisting of a linear optical cavity with mirrors of reflectivity approximately 99.98% and either a dispersive near-infrared spectrometer or a Fourier transform interferometer. Resul...

In the previous experiment diffraction and interference were discussed and at the end a diffraction grating was introduced. In this lab most of the things learned in the last experiment will be applied to measure the wavelengths of the lines in the visible spectrum of some elements. You will use a diffraction grating mounted on a spectrometer to measure the interference maxima for various wavel...

We present a spectrometer for sensitive absorption measurements in liquids across broad spectral bandwidths. The spectrometer combines the unique spectral properties of incoherent supercontinuum light sources with the advantages of cavity ring-down spectroscopy, which is a self-calibrating technique. A custom-built avalanche photodiode array is used for detection, permitting the simultaneous me...

High spectral resolution Fabry-Pérot observations of the [O I] 63.2 and 145.5 µm and [C II] 157.7 µm fine structure lines are presented for the center of the Sagittarius B2 complex (Sgr B2). The data were obtained with the Long Wavelength Spectrometer on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). – 2 – Both the [O I] 63.2 µm and the [C II] 157.7 µm lines are detected in absorption. The upper s...

Atomic absorption spectroscopy Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was developed in the early 1950’s by Alan Walsh. It works on the principle that certain elements absorb certain wavelengths, and this level of absorption is characteristic of each element. Also, electrons in atoms can only exist in particular energy levels, and when an electron moves to a higher energy level, electromagnetic ra...

A sensitive and selective flow injection time-based method for on-line preconcentration/separation and determination of gallium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry at trace levels was developed. The on-line formed gallium chloride complex is sorbed onto a polyether-type polyurethane foam mini-column, followed by on-line quantitative elution with isobutyl methyl ketone and direct introductio...

A fast and accurate analytical method was established for the simultaneous direct determination of aluminum, calcium and iron in silicon carbide and silicon nitride powders by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a slurry sampling technique and a Hitachi Model Z-9000 atomic absorption spectrometer. The slurry samples were prepared by the ultrasonication of silicon carbide or si...