Low self-control is a state in which consumers are assumed to be vulnerable to making impulsive choices that hurt long-term goals. Rather than increasing self-control, the current research exploits the tendency for heuristic-based thinking in low self-control by employing scarcity heuristics to promote better consumption choices. Results indicate that consumers low in self-control especially be...

We review the manifold projection method for stochastic nonlinear filtering in a more general setting than in our previous paper in Geometric Science of Information 2013. We still use a Hilbert space structure on a space of probability densities to project the infinite dimensional stochastic partial differential equation for the optimal filter onto a finite dimensional exponential or mixture fa...

An example from the literature has been used to demonstrate errors involved in calculating drug clearance by inappropriate use of the apparent drug distribution volume Vdext. The Vdext is always an overestimate of the true volume of distribution in a multicompartment system, and the degree of overestimation in using it to calculate clearance for such a system will increase as renal function inc...

Supporting a patient’s dietary and lifestyle change requires more than just content knowledge and practical skill by health care providers. It requires an unbiased attitude that projects empathy and professionalism. While nutrition and other health care education programs ensure students acquire requisite knowledge and skill, are they also cultivating and assessing affective outcomes or are the...

The two standard methods of obtaining a least-squares optimal estimator are (1) Bayesian estimation, in which one assumes a prior distribution on the true values and combines this with a model of the measurement process to obtain an optimal estimator, and (2) supervised regression, in which one optimizes a parametric estimator over a training set containing pairs of corrupted measurements and t...

There are many situations for statistical process in which we have both random and vagueinformation. When uncertainty is due to fuzziness of information, fuzzy statistical control charts play animportant role in the monitoring process, because they simultaneously deal with both kinds of uncertainty.Dealing with fuzzy characteristics using classical methods may cause the loss of information and ...