Downtown revitalization has become an important policy issue, especially in advanced countries. In more than 50 years since Jane Jacobs’s discourse, the mechanism of the formation and decline of downtowns has been the subject of much controversy. It has been argued that the agglomeration and attractiveness of downtown are supported by its internal diversity. However, very little research includ...

1 1 Di Di Div vision o of f f Ca Ca Card rd rdio iolo lo logy gy gy, , He He H nr nr nry y y Lo Lo Low w w He He Hear ar rt t t Ce Ce C nt n e er er, Ha a art rt rtfo fo ford rd rd H H Ho o ospi pi pita ta t l, l, l, H H Hartf tf for or ord, d, d C C CT; T; 2 2 Un Un Univ iv iver r ersi s s ty of o o M M Ma a assa ach ch huset et tts ts, , Am Amhe he h r rs st, , MA A; A; 3 Un n niv ver er rsi ...

We investigate confidence intervals and inference for the instrumental variables model with weak instruments. Wald-based confidence intervals perform poorly in that the probability they reject the null is far greater than their nominal size. In the worst case, Wald-based confidence intervals always exclude the true parameter value. Confidence intervals based on the LM, LR, and Anderson-Rubin st...

We empirically examine the role of information in bargaining between hospitals and suppliers. Using a new data set including all purchase orders issued by over ten percent of US hospitals 2009-14, and differences-in-differences identification strategies based on both timing of hospitals’ joining a benchmarking database and on new products entering the market, we find that access to information ...

Fertility change is distinct from other forms of social and economic change because it directly alters the size and composition of the next generation. This paper studies how changes in population composition over the fertility transition feed back into the path of average fertility across generations. Consistent with a quality-quantity model drawn from theories of long-run growth and the demog...