BACKGROUND Invasive aspergillosis is the most common invasive mould infection and a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients. Response to amphotericin B, the only antifungal agent licensed in the United States for the treatment of aspergillosis, is suboptimal. METHODS A multicenter open study with strict entry criteria for invasive aspergillosis evaluated oral itraconazole (600 ...

background a fungal infection represents a growing problem in children with hematologic malignancies,during chemotherapy induced neutropenia.fungal colonization is considered a major riskfactor for subsequent fungal infections. the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate prevalence of fungal infection among children admitted to hospital between 2005 and 2010 in tehran, iran. materials a...

background there are several conventional, immunological and molecular techniques to diagnose the fungi that cause aspergillosis in biological samples; these methods have some advantages and disadvantages. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate different methods used in identification and diagnosis of fungi causing aspergillosis. materials and methods male western albino rats were provi...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 1063A/G (Asp299Gly) and 1363C/T (Thr399Ile) in the gene encoding Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) increase susceptibility to invasive aspergillosis. However, limited information is available on the prevalence of these SNPs in Japan. Therefore, we surveyed these TLR4 SNPs by using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks obtained from autopsies of pati...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to compare the sensitivities of serum galactomannan and bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan in diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in solid-organ transplant recipients (lung and heart). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study took place in the lung transplant center of the National Research Institute for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. All patients with clinical and radiol...

INTRODUCTION Bronchial stump aspergillosis is a rare entity characterized by cough and hemoptysis. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 58-year-old Caucasian woman who developed bronchial stump aspergillosis two years after a left upper lobe resection for lung cancer. Bronchial stump aspergillosis was diagnosed as a result of a focus of increased fluorodeoxyglucose activity in a follow-u...

OVERVIEW Aspergillosis is a sporadic mycosis that occurs worldwide in mammals and birds and leads to a usually chronic, and only rarely acute, disease that mainly affects the nasal cavity and sinuses. INFECTION Aspergillus species infections are commonly associated with predisposing local or systemic factors. Local disease can spread and involve the central nervous system or the lungs. Some A...

Aspergillus causes a variety of clinical syndromes in the lung including tracheobronchial aspergillosis, invasive aspergillosis, chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and aspergilloma. Aspergilloma usually results from ingrowths of colonized Aspergillus in damaged bronchial tree, pulmonary cyst or cavities of patients with underlying lung diseases...

Aspergillus is a ubiquitous fungus that causes a variety of clinical syndromes in the lung, ranging from aspergilloma in patients with lung cavities, to chronic necrotizing aspergillosis in those who are mildly immunocompromised or have chronic lung disease. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe and commonly fatal disease that is seen in immunocompromised patients, while allergic b...