The Fibrosis-4 (FIB4) index could indicate the liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatic diseases. It was calculated using following formula: (age × aspartate aminotransferase [U/L]) / (platelet count [103/μL] √alanine [U/L]). However, clinical impact of FIB4 acute phase heart failure (AHF) has not been sufficiently investigated.

background: tramadol narcotic drugs or epoxied artificial categories is weaker than morphine and stronger than ibuprofen and acetaminophen drug. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oral tramadol on some liver enzymes in the rat. materials and methods: in this study, 60 male wistar rats were randomized into three groups (one control group, and experimental groups of 1, and 2)....