We introduce the concept of Grid Speedup as a scalability metric for parallel applications on the grid and analyze it theoretically. It is shown that classes of applications exist for which good grid speedups can be expected. The class of stencil-based applications is taken as an example. The Grid computing community is challenged to demonstrate large grid speedups on real Grid computing enviro...

Clinical and health services research is continually producing new findings that may contribute to effective and efficient patient care. However, the transfer of research findings into practice is unpredictable and can be a slow and haphazard process. Ideally, the choice of implementation strategies would be based upon evidence from randomised controlled trials or systematic reviews of a given ...

In this paper, we shall describe discrete kinetic models, which serve as a novel and systematical way to regularize a mixed-type system describing the dynamical phase transitions. In the limit of zero mean free path, it is expected to provide abundant reasonable kinetic relations and nucleation criteria for constructing Riemann solvers. Some particular models have been investigated theoreticall...

Confinement between two parallel surfaces is found, theoretically and experimentally, to drastically affect the hydrodynamic interaction between colloid particles, changing the sign of the coupling, its decay with distance and its concentration dependence. In particular, we show that three-body effects do not modify the coupling at large distances as would be expected from hydrodynamic screening.

This paper studies the ambiguity reduction ability of the probabilistic contextfree grammar. We theoretically analyze the common behavior of any probabilistic context-free grammar. Moreover, we con rm by experiments that a probabilistic context-free grammar learnt from Japanese corpus has the ambiguity reduction ability as expected by the theoretical analysis.