A 62-year-old female presented with numerous soft tissue lesions of her scalp and bilateral preauricular region. Several of these have been biopsied or removed with a diagnosis of cylindromas. Cylindromas are benign tumors with a differentiation towards apocrine sweat glands that increase in number and size throughout life. Multiple scalp cylindromas may coalesce and cover the entire scalp, res...

Does Secular Education Impact Religiosity, Electoral Participation and the Propensity to Vote for Islamic Parties? Evidence from an Education Reform in a Muslim Country Using a unique survey of adults in Turkey, we find that an increase in educational attainment, due to an exogenous secular education reform, decreases women’s propensity to identify themselves as religious, lowers their tendency...

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A lower time bound Ω(min(ν(x), n − ν(x)) for counting the number of ones in a binary input word x of length n corresponding to the word length of a processor architecture is presented, where ν(x) is the number of ones. The operations available are increment, decrement, bit-wise logical operations, and assignment. The only constant available is zero. An almost matching upper bound is also obtained.

The problem of classifying all tile-k-transitive tilings of the innnite 2-dimensional ribbon (and pinched-ribbon) is shown to be solvable by classifying certain tile-k-transitive tilings of the sphere, for all k 2 N. Complete results are listed for k 3.

Since the 1980’s, automata networks have been at the centre of numerous studies, from both theoretical (around the computational abilities) and applied (around the modelling power of real phenomena) standpoints. In this paper, basing ourselves on the seminal works of Robert and Thomas, we focus on a specific family of Boolean automata networks, those without negative cycles. For these networks,...

Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is a disorder of aberrant bone formation affecting one in five patients sustaining a spinal cord injury or traumatic brain injury. Ectopic bone forms around joints in characteristic patterns, causing pain and limiting movement especially around the hip and elbow. Clinical sequelae of neurogenic heterotopic ossification include urinary tract infection, p...