BACKGROUND Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2237892, rs2237895, rs2237897, and rs2283228) in KCNQ1 are reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), possibly caused by a reduction in insulin secretion and higher fasting glucose, but the results are inconsistent. We investigated whether these 4 genetic markers are associated with serum lipid metabolism in a middle...

AIMS To compare serum lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations during and six to 12 months after pregnancy in control and diabetic women. METHODS The serum lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations were measured in 20 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 22 women with normal glucose tolerance (controls) during the third trimester of pregnancy and six to 12...

Short cDNA fragments covering the entire coding region for apolipoprotein (apo) B have been cloned in the pING expression vector. A monoclonal antibody specific for the Ag(d) epitope on apo B has been used, together with the expressed apo B peptides, to locate this epitope to a stretch of 26 amino acids. Sequencing of this region from several genomic DNAs of known Ag(a1/d) genotype showed a sin...

An initial step in reverse cholesterol transport is the movement of unesterified cholesterol from peripheral cells to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). This transfer usually occurs in extracellular spaces, such as the subendothelial space of a vessel wall, and is promoted by the interaction of lipid-free or lipid-poor apolipoprotein (apo)AI with ATP binding cassette A1 cellular transporters on ...

The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is involved in the regulation of cholesterol efflux from cells. Mutations in ABCA1 give rise to familial high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency and Tangier disease, which is characterized by very low levels of HDL in plasma and cholesteryl ester accumulation in tonsils and other reticuloendothelial cells. The mechanism of action of ABCA1 is sti...

Hyperinsulinaemic androgen excess (HIAE) in prepubertal and pubertal girls usually precedes a broader pathological phenotype in adulthood that is associated with anovulatory infertility, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The metabolic derangements that determine these long-term health risks remain to be clarified. Here we use NMR and MS-based metabolomics to show that serum levels of meth...

OBJECTIVE Trivalent chromium (Cr3+) is an essential micronutrient. Findings since the 1950s suggest that Cr3+ might benefit cholesterol homeostasis. Here we present mechanistic evidence in support of this role of Cr3+. METHODS AND RESULTS High-density lipoprotein cholesterol generation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which are rendered ineffective by the hyperinsulinemia that is known to accompany diso...

Half a century ago, Bagdade [1] reported hypertriglyceridaemia in haemodialysis patients. Since then, the serum lipoprotein patterns of the various forms of kidney disease have been amply documented. In patients with reduced kidney function, this pattern is characterized by increases in triglycerides, apolipoprotein CIII and remnant particles as well as decreases in high-density lipoprotein (HD...