Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV) known as SARS-CoV, is a contagious and life-threatening respiratory illness with pneumocytes as its main target. A full understanding of how SARS-CoV would interact with lung epithelial cells will be vital for advancing our knowledge of SARS pathogenesis. However, an in vitro model of SARS-CoV infection using relevant...

Proteins sequestered within organelles of the apical complex of malaria merozoites are involved in erythrocyte invasion, but few of these proteins and their interaction with the host erythrocyte have been characterized. In this report we describe MAEBL, a family of erythrocyte binding proteins identified in the rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoelii yoelii and Plasmodium berghei. MAEBL has ...

Proteins sequestered within organelles of the apical complex of malaria merozoites are involved in erythrocyte invasion, but few of these proteins and their interaction with the host erythrocyte have been characterized. In this report we describe MAEBL, a family of erythrocyte binding proteins identified in the rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoelii yoelii and Plasmodium berghei. MAEBL has ...

Pathogens can alter epithelial polarity by recruiting polarity proteins to the apical membrane, but how a change in protein localization is linked to polarity disruption is not clear. In this study, we used chemically induced dimerization to rapidly relocalize proteins from the cytosol to the apical surface. We demonstrate that forced apical localization of Par3, which is normally restricted to...

The effects of bafilomycin A(1), a blocker of V-type H(+)-ATPases, were investigated in Malpighian tubules of Aedes aegypti. Bafilomycin A(1) reduced rates of transepithelial fluid secretion and the virtual short-circuit current (vI(sc)) with an IC(50) of approximately 5 micromol l(-)(1). As vI(sc) decreased, the electrical resistance increased across the whole epithelium and across the apical ...

In root nodules of pea (Pisum sativum), endosymbiotic Rhizobium bacteroids are individually enclosed by a plant-derived membrane, the peribacteroid membrane, creating an organelle-like structure termed the symbiosome. In order to investigate the structure and function of the peribacteroid membrane in plant-microbe surface interactions, monoclonal antibodies were used to identify the major antig...

Processed antigen reacts selectively with lymphocytes bearing .appropriate surface immunoglobulin molecules resulting in the clonal proliferation of these cells, produc­ing circulating immunoglobulin (humoral immunity) or non-circulating immunoglobulins (cellular immunity).  High levels of circulating immunoglobulins (lgM & lgG) occur in protozoa and helminths infections. Reaginic antibodies a...

We have analyzed the role of the phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate adaptor protein-2 (FAPP2), a component of the apical transport machinery, in cilium formation in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. We show that ciliogenesis is defective in FAPP2 knockdown cells. Furthermore, by using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching studies of domain connectivity and the generalized pol...

Plasmodium vivax malaria re-emerged in South Korea in 1993, and epidemics continue since then. We examined genetic variation in the region encompassing the apical membrane antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) of the parasites by DNA sequencing of the 22 re-emerging P. vivax isolates. The genotype of the PvAMA-1, which was based on sequence data previously reported for the polymorphic regions, showed that two ha...

Antibodies against apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) of Plasmodium falciparum inhibit merozoite invasion into erythrocytes. Invasion-inhibitory polyclonal AMA-1 antibodies inhibit secondary proteolytic processing and surface redistribution of AMA-1 on merozoites. We present evidence supporting inhibition of processing and redistribution as probable causes of inhibition of invasion by polyclonal...