Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APEX-1) is a multifunctional protein that is capable of repairing abasic sites and single-strand breaks in damaged DNA. In addition, it serves as a redox-modifying factor for a number of transcription factors. Identifying the transcriptional targets of APEX-1 is essential for understanding how it affects various cellular outcomes. Expression array analy...

INTRODUCTION To determine the morphologic shape and position of the root apex and the major foramen in maxillary and mandibular teeth. METHODS A total of 845 maxillary and mandibular human teeth root specimens were evaluated. Each root specimen was measured at each root apex by using a calibrated microscope at a magnification of 20x. The anatomic parameters evaluated included the position of ...

INTRODUCTION Accurate determination of working length (WL) is a critical factor for endodontic success. This is commonly achieved using an apex locator which is influenced by the presence or absence of the apical constriction. Hence, this study was done to compare the accuracy of two generations of apex locators in teeth with simulated apical root resorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty maxil...

Initiation and successive development of organs induce mechanical stresses at the cellular level. Using the tomato shoot apex, a new study now proposes that mechanical strain regulates the plasma membrane abundance of the PIN1 auxin transporter, thereby reinforcing a positive feed-back loop between growth and auxin accumulation.

Practitioners face several challenges during the root canal treatment of teeth with wide or immature apices, one of which is working length determination. There is relatively little data regarding the value of radiography and electronic apex locator (EAL) use when root formation is incomplete, and supplementary measurement techniques may be helpful. This review considers length determination fo...

ZEA MAYS L. Mutant plants carrying the ramosa-1 (ra-1) gene which effects inflorescence development, were treated with aqueous solutions of several growth substances. Some plants treated with TIBA exhibited tassels with a reduced ra-1 phenotype. Several plants treated with GA produced ears showing little branching. Discussion is centered on evidence which supports the idea that hormone metaboli...