Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly in humans. Despite recent advances, the molecular basis of BAV development is poorly understood. Previously it has been shown that mutations in the Notch1 gene lead to BAV and valve calcification both in human and mice, and mice deficient in Gata5 or its downstream target Nos3 have been shown to display BAVs. Here we show...

   Introduction: Retinal vein occlusion  is a common vascular disorder disrupting vision. Two basic types of RVO are branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).  Retinal vein occlusion is a multifactor process including systemic illness and local retinal factors.RVO may be associated with atherosclerotic risk factors. We analyzed the role of 2 dimensional transthor...

background total correction of tetralogy of fallot (tof) anomaly in early childhood has been practiced in many centers with good results, but in some of patients after few years sever pulmonary valve insufficiency occurred. materials and methods at a cross- sectional study from january 2015 to january 2016, 10 patients who had history of primary repair of tof with free pulmonary insufficiency (...

repair of the mitral valve is the treatment of choice for mitral valve regurgitation when the anatomy is favorable. it is well known that mitral valve repair enjoys better clinical and functional results than any other type of valve substitute. this fact is beyond doubt regardless of the etiology of the valve lesion and is of particular importance in degenerative diseases. this review analyzes ...

It is now believed that aortic insufficiency and calcific aortic stenosis must be treated with total valve replacement. Until recently this was performed with the aid of prostheses of teflon and similar materials. Even if the short-term results were promising, follow-up studies revealed a high percentage of breakdown of these prostheses (Bjork, Cullhed, and Lodin, 1963; Larson and Kirklin, 1964...

OBJECTIVE Valve repair for aortic insufficiency may provide an alternative to aortic valve replacement in selected patients. This repair could be an attempt at permanent correction or palliation to allow the aortic annulus to grow and avoid the use of anticoagulation. Based upon a five-year experience, we proposed a classification according to valvular anatomy which could be a guide to patient ...

We describe the case of a 26-year-old man who developed severe aortic valve insufficiency due to a culturenegative endocarditis, leading to severe heart failure. The diagnosis of Bartonella quintana endocarditis was suspected from the clinical presentation and serological immunofluorescence assay, and was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis of excised valve tissue after aortic valve...

(Leipzig, Germany): I commend you for your courage in using a new product designed for a completely different purpose, but which works well. My first question is, what are your indication criteria because you have patients with a moderate stenosis and moderate insufficiency, a mean of 1.8 and a mean gradient of 54? Dr Nosál': Typically our patients have a mixed aortic valve pathology, so the me...

OBJECTIVES Various forms of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) aortopathy exist, and the optimal treatment for the different subgroups is insufficiently defined. We aimed to analyse the risk of adverse aortic events after aortic valve replacement (AVR) for BAV insufficiency and concomitant mild-to-moderate dilatation of the aortic root (i.e. BAV root phenotype). METHODS A total of 56 consecutive pat...