The antidepressant-like activity of magnesium, the non-specific N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist, in the mice forced swim test was demonstrated previously. In the present study, the effects of this biometal were studied in the rat forced swim test. Magnesium (MgCl2) at doses ranging from 15 to 50 mg Mg/kg reduced the immobility time in the forced swim test, thus exerting antid...

OBJECTIVES The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract of Allium sativum L. (Family: Lilliaceae), commonly known as garlic, on depression in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extract of garlic (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally for 14 successive days to young Swiss albino mice of either sex and antidepressant-like activity was evaluated ...

Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS), a famous Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases. Previous studies have shown that DSS produces antidepressant-like effect in rodents. This study aims to investigate the mechanism(s) underlying the antidepressant-like action of DDS. The results showed that DSS treatment significantly antagonized reserpine-induced ptosis in mic...

Dual action antidepressants have important therapeutic implications. Methylene blue (MB), a charged compound structurally related to tricyclic antidepressants, acts on both monoamine oxidase (MAO) and the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway, and has demonstrated antidepressant activity in rodents. We investigated the antidepressant properties of MB and selected structural analogues and whether their...

ROTH, K. A. AND R. J. KATZ. Further studies on a novel animal model of depression: Therapeutic effects of a tricyclic antidepressant. NEUROSCI. BIOBEHAV. REV. 5(2) 253-258, 1981.--We have previously shown that rats given stress before open field testing have elevated activity in comparison with unstressed rats. This acute behavioral response may be eliminated by chronic stress and restored by p...

As a major cause of disability, depression is expected to become the second highest burden of disease worldwide by the year 2020. The shift of research in depression from monoamine hypothesis to the realm of neurotrophic hypothesis, neural plasticity hypothesis, and enhancing neurogenesis as an antidepressant-like agent brings about crucial insights to find novel mediator of antidepressant acti...

Treatment with most antidepressants induces expression of the gene coding for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus (and cerebral cortex). Recent data indicate antidepressant-like activity of group I mGlu receptor (mGluR1 and mGluR5) antagonists in animal tests/models. We now report that chronic treatment with 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP), a selective mGlu5 r...

By the reaction of various amines with 3-chloropyridazines,several minaprine analogues were prepared.Most of them exhibited significant antidepressant activity.Compound 2a antagonizes reserpine action and neuroleptic-induced catalepsy in a dose-dependent manner. Keywords-disubstituted benzylidene pyridazine;3-amino pyridazine derivative,minaprine analogue;antidepressant activity Recently,it was...

Depression is a serious disorder that affects hundreds of millions of people around the world and causes poor quality of life, problem behaviors, and limitations in activities of daily living. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic options is of high interest and growth. Research on the relationship between depression and oxidative stress has shown important biochemical aspects in the develo...

Depression has been shown to be associated with systemic inflammatory activity and the mode of action of several antidepressants appears to involve immunomodulation. Effects on immune system activity have also recently been observed in correlation with therapeutic response to mirtazapine in cardiac patients with depression, but no study has yet examined these effects in otherwise physically hea...