Using a dynamic biomechanical model of malunion of the shoulder, we have determined the change in deltoid force required for abduction with various combinations of superior and posterior displacement of fractures of the greater tuberosity of the humerus. We tested eight fresh human cadaver shoulders in a dynamic shoulder-testing apparatus during cycles of glenohumeral abduction from 0 degrees t...

Our aim was to determine the effect of the initial pattern of fracture and the displacement of fragments on the outcome of proximal humeral fractures treated conservatively. We followed 93 consecutive patients prospectively for one year. Final movement and strength were compared with those of the contralateral side. The final American Shoulder and Elbow Society score and the Disabilities of Arm...

PURPOSE To review records of 17 patients who sustained a tibial or femoral intra-operative fracture during primary cemented total knee arthroplasty (TKA) METHODS. Records of 1346 primary cemented TKAs using the NexGen LPS fluted tibial component performed by a single surgeon were reviewed. 12 tibial and 5 femoral intra-operative fractures occurred in 5 men and 12 women aged 54 to 83 (mean, 71.6...

PURPOSE The purpose was to clarify the load-bearing functions of the fibers of the femoral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) attachment in resisting tibial anterior drawer and rotation. METHODS A sequential cutting study was performed on 8 fresh-frozen human knees. The femoral attachment of the ACL was divided into a central area that had dense fibers inserting directly into the femur and ante...

INTRODUCTION Majority of bilateral shoulder dislocations are posterior. Simultaneous bilateral anterior shoulder dislocations and bilateral anterior fracture-dislocations are rare and mostly of traumatic origin. We present a rare case of bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation with symmetrical greater tuberosity fracture following an episode of seizure with an unusual injury mechanism which was...

BACKGROUND Internal tibial rotation is a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The effect of restraining tibial rotation (RTR) to prevent ACL injury during single-leg landing is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the effect of impact load and RTR on ACL injury with respect to flexion angle. We hypothesized that RTR could protect the knee from ACL injury compared to ...

Anatomic and operative textbooks and current literature do not clearly describe the Achilles tendon interface to the calcaneal tuberosity. We dissected 51 specimens to identify the detailed anatomy of the Achilles tendon insertion. Achilles tendon fascicles expanded from the anterior aspect of the distal Achilles tendon over the retrocalcaneal bursa to the anterior part of the Haglund's tuberos...