I. Two experiments were aimed at investigating the functional organization of the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in relation to higher-order motor control. 2. The ‘50-labeled H,O bolus method was used to measure relative changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 18 healthy human subjects as they performed oculomotor, manual, or speech tasks. 3. Task-specific rCBF changes were obt...

The present study examines synaptic plasticity in the anterior piriform cortex (aPC) using ex vivo slices from rat pups given lateralized odor preference training. In the early odor preference learning model, a brief 10 min training session yields 24 h memory, while four daily sessions yield 48 h memory. Odor preference memory can be lateralized through naris occlusion as the anterior commissur...

In the embryonic vertebrate brain, early born neurons establish highly stereotyped embryonic axonal tracts along which the neuronal interconnections form. To understand the mechanism underlying neuron axonal pathfinding within the embryonic scaffold of axon tracts, we studied zebrafish anterior dorsal telencephalic (ADt) neuron development. While previous studies suggest the ADt neuronal axons ...

Using [14C]-2-deoxyglucose autoradiography, we determined which forebrain and diencephalic areas showed metabolic alterations in response to unilateral electrical stimulation of the posterior medial forebrain bundle at parameters chosen to produce a just-submaximal rewarding effect. At these parameters, only a few areas were activated. There was no detectable activation anterior or dorsal to th...

OBJECTIVES It remains unclear why some patients with cardiomyopathy secondary to anterior infarction do, and others do not develop functional mitral regurgitation (MR). METHODS Thirty-six patients after anterior infarction with ejection fraction (EF) below 35%, 18 with no/trivial and 18 with moderate/severe MR, underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Parameters describing the geometry o...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Head CT prescriptions are currently plagued by intra- and intersubject image variance and do not match standardized MR imaging planes. We developed and tested a simple method to improve CT precision and approximate the Talairach reference standard advocated for MR imaging. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed midline sagittal T2-weighted brain MR images of 126 consecutiv...

A stereotaxic brain atlas of the longtailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is presented in a format suitable for use as a template atlas of the macaque brain. It includes most of the brain segmented to show the boundaries of landmark structures such that every point in the brain can be represented by a unique set of coordinates in three-dimensional space and ascribed unambiguously to one and onl...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine if ultrasound (US) measurements of anterior neck soft tissue thickness at hyoid bone (DSHB), thyrohyoid membrane (DSEM), and anterior commissure (DSAC) levels can be used to predict difficult laryngoscopy. MATERIAL/METHODS We included 203 patients age 20-65 years scheduled to undergo general anesthesia in this prospective observational study. ...

BACKGROUND To evaluate prognostic factors that may influence local control (LC) of T1N0 glottic cancer treated by primary radiotherapy (RT) with 6 MV photons. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 433 consecutive patients with T1N0 glottic cancer treated between 1983 and 2005 by RT in our institution. All patients were treated with 6 MV photons. One hundred and seventy se...