The antifungal ionophore nystatin dissipates the Na(+) and K(+) gradients across the cell membrane, leading to cellular gain of Na(+) and cellular loss of K(+) . The increase of cellular Na(+) concentration may result in Ca(2+) accumulation in exchange for Na(+) . Increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) activity ([Ca(2+) ]i ) and loss of cellular K(+) foster apoptosis-like suicidal erythrocyte death or er...

Studies in a murine model have shown that decompression stress triggers a progressive elevation in the number of circulating annexin V-coated microparticles derived from leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells. We noted that some particles appeared to be larger than anticipated, and size continued to increase for ≥24 h postdecompression. These observations led to the hypothes...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The JAK1/JAK2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib is widely used for the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated myelofibrosis and other malignancies. Most important side effects include anemia. A common cause of anemia is accelerated suicidal death of erythrocytes or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidyl...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to develop a method to simultaneously examine phenotype, proliferation, apoptosis, and death of antigen-stimulated porcine lymphocytes. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from pigs vaccinated with a Brachyspira hyodysenteriae bacterin. RESULTS Once isolated, PBMCs were stained with the fluorescent membrane intercalatin...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The high potency antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine (10-[3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-propyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)-(10)H-phenothiazine dihydrochloride; TFP) may either counteract or promote suicidal cell death or apoptosis. Similar to apoptosis, erythrocytes may enter eryptosis, characterized by phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface and cell shrinkage. Eryptosis ca...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The multikinase inhibitor regorafenib is utilized for the treatment of malignancy. The substance is effective in part by triggering suicidal death or apoptosis of tumor cells. Side effects of regorafenib include anemia. At least in theory, regorafenib induced anemia could result from stimulated suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, characterized by cell shrinkage and cell mem...

In its tissue-specific function as a collagen receptor of chondrocytes, cartilage annexin V (anchorin CII) occupies a key position in the organization of the cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) junction for the tissue. The general role of annexin V (Anx V) in other tissues suggests involvement in cellular secretory processes and in regulation of apoptosis. Immunohistochemical analysis of Anx V in g...