A theoretical treatment of the time-dependent potential response of ion-selective electrodes to sample solutions containing primary and interfering ions is presented. The theory accounts for the influence of ion fluxes in the electrode membrane and the contacting aqueous sample layer and describes the variations in the apparent selectivity behavior as a function of the measuring time. The appli...

We found the Easy very easy to run and without te#{233}hnique-dependent steps in the procedure. Operators need not have a high level of skill. Calibration is stable for one month, except for the ion-selective electrodes, which must be calibrated every two days. In conclusion, we found the Easy satisfactory in operational and analytical performance. The analyzer is well suited for use in the eme...

Expanding upon recent applications of interfacing electricity with centrifugal microfluidic platforms, we introduce electrochemical velocimetry to monitor flow in real-time on rotating fluidic devices. Monitoring flow by electrochemical techniques requires a simple, compact setup of miniaturized electrodes that are embedded within a microfluidic channel and are connected to a peripherally-locat...

For most chemists, potentiometry with ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) primarily means pH measurements with a glass electrode. Those interested in clinical analysis might know that ISEs, routinely used for the determination of blood electrolytes, have a market size comparable to that of glass electrodes. It is even less well known that potentiometry went through a silent revolution during the pa...

Increasing use of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) in the biological and environmental fields has generated demand for high-sensitivity ISEs. However, improving the sensitivities of ISEs remains a challenge because of the limit of the Nernstian slope (59.2/n mV). Here, we present a universal ion detection method using an electronic integrated multi-electrode system (EIMES) that bypasses the Nern...

An overview is given dealing with the application of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) in environmental analysis. ISEs are placed into the context of the trend of development of sensors for extensive and frequent monitoring. Discussed are the issues such as sensing platforms and their mass-production, improvement of precision, diagnostic of sensor functionality, and development of reference elect...

A method based on standard additions to the sample was used to measure potassium (K+) in human erythocytes with an ion-selective electrode. A computer program was developed for rapid analysis of data obtained with the electrode. The analysis takes into account factors such as temperature that may affect electrode behavior. Results obtained by the method agree with those obtained by flame-emissi...

In the last four decades, the uses and application of ion-selective electrodes was widely applied in several researches as well as analytical projects. These electrodes are varied between solid state electrodes, liquid membrane electrodes, gas membrane electrodes, and plastic membrane electrodes. Plasticizers are one of the major components of the plastic membranes. As it is usually known, they...

A theory for the interpretation of the operation mechanism of ion-selective membrane electrodes is briefly outlined. The statements are based on the accumulated results concerning the electrochemical and spectrochemical behaviour of ion-selective membranes.