Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has evolved from being primarily a diagnostic modality into an interventional endoscopic tool for the management of both benign and malignant gastrointestinal illnesses. EUS-guided therapy has garnered particular interest as a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, a disease often complicated by its aggressive course and poor survival. Th...

During routine necropsy of 1,252 rats of the Chester Beatty stock albino strain between January 1962 and October 1965, we saw 10 epithelial pancreatic tumors. Eight were in males and 2 were in females. Five were single or multiple exocrine adenomas, 3 were exocrine adenocarcinomas, and 2 were islet-cell tumors. A search through the literature revealed 3 reports of exocrine adenomas, 11 of exocr...

Lactating adenomas are rare benign tumors of breast, frequently associated with pregn lactation. They are common in the third trimester of pregnancy during second and third decade. They present similarly as other benign lesions of breast and differentiation from them preoperatively is difficult both clinically and radiologically. I epithelium leading to formation of a we remains the definitive ...

introduction women with mosaic turner syndrome (ts) bearing the presence of y chromosome material or with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (cais) is at risk of gonadal malignancy. two patients with characteristic features of these uncommon disorders are reported, and the surgical techniques of laparoscopic gonadectomy are reviewed and discussed. the aim of the present study is to report...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy affecting men in the western world. Although radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy can successfully treat PCa in the majority of patients, up to ~30% will experience local recurrence or metastatic disease. Prostate carcinogenesis and progression is typically an androgen-dependent process. For this reason, therapies for recurrent PCa targ...

in a double blind, parallel-group, clinical trial we compared the effects of conjugated estrogen with estrogen plus methyltestosterone in surgically menopausal women. in this study, 251 women were randomly assigned to one of the two regimens: 1-conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/day +placebo. 2-conjungated estrogen 0.625 mg/day+methyltestosterone 1.25 mg/day (e+a group). study parameters were psychol...

BACKGROUND Through search the possible randomized control trials, we make a renewed meta-analysis in order to assess the impact of aspirin in preventing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Medicine/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese biomedical literature service system (SinoMed) databases were searched for the related ...

Pituitary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is rare and has never been reported for renal cell carcinoma primarily treated with sorafenib. Herein, we present a case of an advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma in which pituitary metastasis progressed but extracerebral metastases showed partial response to sorafenib treatment.

background: hypospadias is one of the most common congenital abnormalities in the male which is characterized by altered development of urethra, foreskin and ventral surface of the penis. androgen receptor gene plays a critical role in the development of the male genital system by mediating the androgens effects. objective: in present study, we looked for new variations in androgen receptor pro...