The computer metaphor has served brain science well as a tool for comprehending neural systems. Nevertheless, we propose here that this metaphor be replaced or supplemented by a new metaphor, the "Internet metaphor," to reflect dramatic new network theoretic understandings of brain structure and function. We offer a "weak" form and a "strong" form of this metaphor: The former suggests that stru...

In this paper, we present a novel and highly effective method for induction and application of metaphor frame templates as a step toward detecting metaphor in extended discourse. We infer implicit facets of a given metaphor frame using a semisupervised bootstrapping approach on an unlabeled corpus. Our model applies this frame facet information to metaphor detection, and achieves the state-of-t...

The “metaphor” is the practice of agile processes most ignored by practitioners. A metaphor is meant to be agreed upon by all members of a project as a means of simply explaining the purpose of the project and thus guide the structure of the architecture, thus it is very important for communication, both among the team and with the client. Since both customers and developers alike use the metap...

This study investigated metaphor comprehension in the broader context of task-difference effects and manipulation of processing difficulty. We predicted that right hemisphere recruitment would show greater specificity to processing difficulty rather than metaphor comprehension. Previous metaphor processing studies have established that the left inferior frontal gyrus strongly correlates with me...

Happé (1993) proposed that theory of mind (ToM) understanding was necessary for comprehension of metaphorical expressions. The current study investigated the role of both ToM and language ability in metaphor understanding. Ninety-four children aged 8–15 years with communication impairments were grouped according to language ability and autistic symptomatology in the first instance, and then acc...

1. Introduction The framework sometimes referred to as 'conceptual metaphor theory', with its origins in Lakoff & Johnson (1980), is one of the central areas of research in the more general field of cognitive linguistics. Within this field, the notions of 'source domains' and 'target domains', 'invariance', 'mappings', and so forth have become a common, though not universal, vocabulary for disc...

This paper develops a formal model for metaphor and analogy built on information flow theory, formal concept analysis and conceptual graphs. Metaphor and analogy are important principles of human cognition based on representational maps. The model suggested in this paper defines metaphoric use in terms of information transfer via an information channel with respect to contextual constraints.

In a recent magazine article, the issue of government control of research agendas was explored by using the metaphor "Science is a flashlight .." Science, like a flashlight, is bounded in its scope: Only areas directly under its beam are visible . So far, the metaphor may seem obvious, but,a,further implication is that because of this boundedness, decisions about , the .-,direction of the beam ...

We conducted a series of studies on the implied causal structure of metaphors. Some metaphors are “systemic” and highlight the complexity of relationships. For example, describing a national park as the “backbone” of the park system situates the park in a larger body of national parks, specifying a set of relationships between that park and the whole system. Other metaphors don’t enforce the sa...

defamiliarization means egression of acquaintance and accustomed egression that followed the reader or listener the surprise after asks it. thus poet or scholar with the elimination of repeats of the languages face, create beautiful and influential language, because words due to our repeated are normal so do not see them, tip poet and scholar in the habit of speaking and create a new language. ...