objective(s): inflammation is an immune response toward injuries. although inflammation is healing response, but in some condition it will lead to chronic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, alzheimer’s and various cancer. indonesian cassia (cinnamomum burmanni c. nees & t. ness) known to contain coumarin, is widely used for alternative medicine es...

Background: In addition to humoral immunity associated with anti-desmoglein antibodies, cellular immunity and mediators including cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris. In this study we evaluated the level of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 in the sera of patients with pemphigus vulgaris before and after treatment.Methods: A total number of 71 new patients with pe...

Introduction:  IL-8 is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines which can play an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) as well as nasal polyposis (NP). The ability of individuals in producing IL-8 is partially determined by IL-8-251 A/T polymorphism. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between IL-8-251 A/T and CXCR2 +1208 C/T genes ...

Objective(s) Cytokines such as IL-1β are involved in inflammatory responses. This study evaluated the role of two different kinds of drugs (ibuprofen and celecoxib) on brain IL-10 and IL-1β after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in male rats. Materials and Methods Rats were assigned into 6 groups: intact, sham, TBI, and treated rats with vehicle, celecoxib or iboprophen. Cytokine concentrations ...

Background: Chronic inflammation has critical role in Type 2 diabetes (T2D), in which IL-1β contributes in insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. The activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 by endogens ligands, such as mtDNA can lead to the release of active form of IL-1β. Objective: To evaluate AIM2 expression and activation as well as circulating mtDNA levels in T2D patients. Methods: AIM2 expres...

bronchial asthma is a multifactorial disease whereby both environmental and genetic factors contribute to its aetiology and/or clinical severity. the aim of this study was to examine the association of 22 cytokine gene polymorphism in the macedonian population with bronchial asthma (ba). the sample of the population comprised of 301 normal unrelated individuals and 74 patients with ba. cytokine...

Objective(s): Interleukin-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra) is a new member of the IL-1 family that exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of inflammatory and immune diseases. Our purpose was to determine the effect of IL-36Ra on liver injury in a mouse hepatitis model induced by concanavalin A (ConA). Materials and Methods: Mic...

Background: The alteration of Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels is the subject of controversy in pleural effusions caused by malignancy, a situation that favors a Th2 immune response. Objective: To examine the different levels of IL-4 and IL-10 (Th2 cytokines), and IL-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (Th1 cytokines) in malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions. Method: The cytokine levels in pleural fl...