approximately 20% of caustic ingestions result in some degree of esophageal injury. alkaline materials are the most frequent corrosive materials ingested.     the physical form and ph of ingested materials play a critical role in the site and type of gastrointestinal injury (ph > 12 or ph < 1.5, crystalline drain cleaners). unlike alkaline solutions, strong acids are bitter, burn on contact and...

In this paper, a crack localization method for Euler-Bernoulli beams via an efficient static data based indicator is proposed. The crack in beams is simulated here using a triangular variation in the stiffness. Static responses of a beam are obtained by the finite element modeling. In order to reduce the computational cost of damage detection method, the beam deflection is fitted through a poly...

Abstract The Mullins effect is a characteristic property of filled rubber materials whose accurate and efficient modelling still challenging task. Innumerable constitutive models for elastomers are described in the literature. Therefore, this contribution gives review on some widely used approaches, presents classification, proves their thermodynamic consistency, discusses reasonable modificati...

The micro-irradiation technique continues to be highly relevant to a number of radiobiological studies in vitro. In particular, studies of the bystander effect show that direct damage to cells is not the only trigger for radiation-induced effects, but that unirradiated cells can also respond to signals from irradiated neighbours. Furthermore, the bystander response can be initiated even when no...

this report describes a 55-year-old woman in whom yellow scorpion sting resulted in the development of mobitz type 1 and transient complete heart blocks unresponsive to atropine administration.  it might be concluded that although autonomic involvement including parasympathetic overactivity is present in such cases, other factors such as toxic damage to the cardiac conduction system may play a ...