The damselflies Hetaerininae, a subfamily of Calopterygidae, comprise four genera distributed from North to South America: Hetaerina, Mnesarete, Ormenophlebia and Bryoplathanon. While several studies have focused on the intriguing behavioral morphological modifications within little evolutionary history group is well understood. Understanding biogeographical Hetaerininae further complicated by ...

Knowledge of the rhesus macaque genome sequence enables reconstruction of the ancestral state of the human genome before the divergence of chimpanzees. However, the draft quality of nonhuman primate genome assemblies challenges the ability of current methods to detect insertions, deletions, and copy-number variations between humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques and hinders the identificatio...

Were ancient proteins systematically different than modern proteins? The answer to this question is profoundly important, shaping how we understand the origins of protein biochemical, biophysical, and functional properties. Ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR), a phylogenetic approach to infer the sequences of ancestral proteins, may reveal such trends. We discuss two proposed trends: a tran...

Abstract We present a proof of principle for new kind stepwise algorithm unrooted binary gene-order phylogenies. This method incorporates simple look-ahead inspired by Dollo’s law, while simultaneously reconstructing each ancestor (sometimes referred to as hypothetical taxonomic units “HTU”). first generic version the illustrating necessary consequence Dollo characters. In concrete application ...