PURPOSE Many studies have been conducted to date regarding whether the right hepatic vein is the accurate border that divides the anterior and posterior section of the right liver. It has been reported that the Glisson pedicle of the right liver may be an anatomical variation that does not have a consistent morphology. We analyzed the relationship between the true borders of the anterior and po...

We report a case of bilateral reversed palmaris longus muscle (PLM). The muscle was tendinous in its upper portion and muscular in its lower portion in both arms. This rare variation has been mentioned only once in the literature as a surgical finding. According to the literature, a reversed PLM may cause a compartment syndrome in the wrist area, carpal tunnel, and Guyon's syndrome. The des...

The Superior Thyroid Artery (STA) is the dominant arterial supply of the thyroid gland, larynx and the neck. Awareness of variations in STA is crucial for invasive operations in the neck region. We reported a case that STA derives from the Common Carotid Artery (CCA). A patient with possible transient ischemic attack had an digital substraction angiography. Angiography revealed superior thyroid...

This paper presents two approaches to quantifying and visualizing variation in datasets of trees. The first approach localizes subtrees in which significant population differences are found through hypothesis testing and sparse classifiers on subtree features. The second approach visualizes the global metric structure of datasets through low-distortion embedding into hyperbolic planes in the st...

Genetic mutation leads to anatomical variation only indirectly because many proteins involved in generating anatomical structures in embryos operate cooperatively within molecular networks. These include gene-regulatory or control networks (CNs) for timing, signaling and patterning together with the process networks (PNs) for proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and morphogenesis that they...

Variations related to the liver are frequently encountered. This case reports the variant course of ligamentum teres present and its attachment along the inferior margin of falciform ligament which was embedded in a tunnel formed by the liver parenchyma. It also reports a complete absence of the quadrate lobe. This knowledge can be fruitfully utilised by anatomists, embryologists, radiologists ...

Wood density is considered a key plant trait, affecting mechanical and physiological performance, yet its biological meaning is still rather unclear. Accordingly we investigated the anatomical underpinnings of wood density in trees and shrubs. We measured wood density and anatomical traits in distal stems 4–10 mm diameter under bark in 24 Australian species. Proportions of wood components that ...

We report a case of a 79-year-old man presenting with left cervical carotid artery stenosis associated with non-bifurcating cervical carotid artery, a very rare congenital anatomical variation supplying different branches of the external carotid artery directly from a common trunk without a bifurcation. We performed carotid endarterectomy for this symptomatic carotid artery atherosclerotic sten...

• Variation in cardiac position lias been frequently suggested as a principal cause for the wide contrast in configuration of electrocardiograms.^ In contrast, both postmortem and biplane angiographic examinations have suggested that there is relatively little actual anatomical variation in the position of the heart or more particularly of the interventricular septum in healthy or diseased man....

Most periapical lesions are associated with microorganisms from infected root canal systems. Maxillary sinus can pose a diagnostic dilemma radiographically because of its anatomical variation which can mimic a periapical pathosis. The aim of this study was to describe two cases of aberrant anatomical variation of the maxillary sinus that presented radiographic similarities to a periapical cyst ...