Уточнены некоторые морфолого-анатомические признаки ваий восьми видов папоротников нашей полосы, такие как особенности жилкования, анатомическая структура пластинки, типы устьичного аппарата, характер опушения. В соответствии с указанными признаками приведена сравнительная характеристика видов. Показано, что отмеченные являются дополнительными характеристиками и имеют диагностическое значение S...

introduction: natural process of aging is associated with biological events which alter the structure and function of different parts of the body. larynx also undergoes age-related anatomical and physiological changes during adulthood.. according to anatomical and physiological changes of larynx, acoustic and perceptual characteristics of voice are modified as a result of age-related sequential...

The Problem: Medical image segmentation is the process of labeling each voxel in a medical image dataset to indicate its tissue type or anatomical structure. This is difficult to perform automatically because of anatomical variability, the limited knowledge available to the computer, and inherent limitations of medical image data. These include partial voluming artifacts, noise, and the lack of...

T he corpus callosum is the largest fiber tract in the human brain, and plays a critical role in many aspects of interhemispheric integration. Much has been learned about the structure and connectivity of this fiber tract through anatomical studies on a variety of species. The functional implications of these anatomical findings are supported by behavioral studies on monkeys and humans with les...

Topology is a strong global constraint that can be useful in generating geometrically accurate segmentations of anatomical structures. Conversely, topological “defects” or departures from the true topology of a structure due to segmentation errors can greatly reduce the utility of anatomical models. In this chapter we cover methods for integrating topological constraints into segmentation proce...

The aim of this study was to investigate the dorsal surface of the long-eared hedgehog tongue using scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of the long-eared hedgehog is rectangular-shaped with an elongated body and a widened root and a marked deep median groove can be seen on its dorsal surface. A characteristic feature of the lingual root is presence of two huge laterally situated folds. The...

OBJECTIVES To review the traumatic injuries that have been associated with acupuncture and to discuss how these adverse effects may be reduced by increased awareness of normal anatomy and anatomical variations. METHODS Literature search accompanied by postmortem anatomical studies. RESULTS Traumatic lesions after acupuncture have been described in thoracic and abdominal viscera, in the peri...

case presentation a 30-year-old male patient with a history of severe, throbbing, constant pain in the lower mandibular molars was referred to the department of endodontics of hamedan dental university. the patient’s medical history was noncontributory. the buccal object rule (same-lingual opposite-buccal technique) confirmed the additional root as a distolingual root (radix entomolaris). follo...