Muscle and tendon variations in hand and wrist are not rare; thus their type must be well known in practicing hand surgery. Abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor digitorum (ED) are known to exhibit different variations with respect to their attachments. Various studies have reported splitting of the APL and ED [1-8]. The ED has one origin and a common muscle belly that splits into three o...

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Anatomic variation can potentially impact the surgical safety. PURPOSE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of ostiomeatal complex variations based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the patients seeking rhinoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHOD In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 281 patients including 153 female a...

BACKGROUND Caudal block is a common technique in children for reducing postoperative pain, and there have been several reports on the variations of the sacral canal in children. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the needle trajectory for caudal block, and there is limited information on the structural variations of the sacrum in children. The purpose of this study was to analyze ...

objectives: this study aimed to evaluate the location and characteristics of mental foramen, anterior loop and mandibular incisive canal using cone beam computed tomography (cbct). materials and methods: this retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 200 mandibular cbct scans for the location of mental foramen, anterior loop prevalence and mandibular incisive canal visibility, its mean leng...