The ground reaction curve (GRC) is a vital component of the convergence-confinement method, which possesses many applications in the underground space designs. It defines a relation between the tunnel wall deformations and the ground pressure acting on the tunnel walls. Generally, GRC includes descending and ascending branches. According to many researchers, the descending branch trend for the ...

An adsorption refrigeration system (ARS) working on silica-gel/methanol pair has been investigated analytically and experimentally. By applying the mass balance in adsorber bed mechanism of thermal compressor with respect to time length was determined. experimental analysis performed using a gravimetric analyzer (TGA) evaluate transfer coefficient optimum cycle for silica-gel/ methanol at diffe...

this paper addresses the problem of quantifying the mechanical contribution of rockbolts installed systematically around tunnels (regularly spaced around the tunnel) excavated in rock masses. assuming that the mechanical contribution of grouted rockbolts is that of increasing internal pressure within a broken rock mass, a new procedure for computation of ground response curves for a circular tu...