Background.  In Ghana, faecal sludge (FS) from on-site sanitation facilities is often discharged untreated into the environment, leading to significant insults to environmental and human health. Anaerobic digestion offers an attractive pathway for FS treatment with the concomitant production of energy in the form of methane. Another innovative option includes separating digestion into acidogene...

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a flame retardant that is used as an additive during manufacturing of plastic polymers and electronic circuit boards. Little is known about the fate of this compound in the environment. In the current study we investigated biodegradation of TBBPA, as well as 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), in slurry of anaerobic sediment from a wet ephemeral desert stream bed contam...

It is well known that anaerobic digestion (AD) is a multi-step process in which complex substrate molecules are firstly hydrolysed to simpler soluble monomers, in the hydrolytic-acidogenic step, then transformed into volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and finally converted into methane and carbon dioxide, in the acetogenic-methanogenic step.1–3 Normally, bacteria involved in these steps are quite dif...

In our study, two-stage anaerobic system was employed to treat high concentration methanol wastewater. The results showed the COD removal efficiency was over 90% at the volume loading of 26.8kgCOD/(m.d) and two-stage anaerobic digestion of methanol wastewater was more efficient and stabler than one stage. The pH of the two UASBs was always lower than 6.0, which wasn’t the suitable condition tha...

A newly discovered process by which ammonium is converted to dinitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions (the Anammox process) has now been examined in detail. In order to confirm the biological nature of this process, anaerobic batch culture experiments were used. All of the ammonium provided in the medium was oxidized within 9 days. In control experiments with autoclaved or raw wastewater, with...

Process optimization is needed for the development and expansion of the biogas industry and to meet the ever growing demand for methane. This thesis explores process technologies for the development of the anaerobic digestion process and includes pre-treatments, studies on the effects of different mixing modes and evaluation of a water treatment technology. Two pre-treatments were evaluated, me...

The concept of carbon credit arose out of increasing awareness of the need to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases to combat global warming which was formalized in the Kyoto protocol. In addition to contribution to sustainable development with energy recovery in the form of methane, carbon credits can be claimed by application of advanced anaerobic processes in wastewater treatment for reducing...

Background and Objectives: Nowadays corn flakes are the most common form of breakfast cereals however, their vitamins are declined during the baking process. In this research, production of fortified corn flakes by Lactobacillus plantarum and L. reuteri, as well as incorporation of oat and malt fiber as prebiotics have been studied. Materials and Methods: Plackett-Burman statistical design was...

The development of WWTP in business activities needs to pay attention getting appropriate that is more valuable support sustainable development. This study aims evaluate two systems integrated biological WWTP; anaerobic-wetland, and anaerobic-aerobic-wetland, including the effectiveness pollutant removal, operational maintenance, estimation carbon emissions. performance removal was evaluated by...

high strength fresh leachates generated at a new disposal trench, compost plant and partially stabilized leachate of an older trench were characterized in terms of anaerobic degradation at laboratory batch scale at 35oc. fresh leachate had extremely high cod of 66,710 – 89,501 mg/l along with low ph of 4.1-5.9 in contrast to older and therefore partially stabilized leachate with a cod of about ...