The survival of anaerobic fungi in cattle faeces was studied under a range of environmental conditions, in the laboratory, in cowpats, in slurry and in manure. Numbers of anaerobic fungi were enumerated as thallus-forming units with time after defacation and/or storage using the most probable numbers technique. Survival of anaerobic fungi was observed at a wide range of temperatures and moistur...

Batch anaerobic digestion tests of primary sludge and waste activated sludge were conducted for a duration of 123 days to determine the ultimate degradability of the sludges. For primary sludges the inert fraction of the particulate COD that was predicted by the wastewater models could be employed to predict their biodegradability under anaerobic conditions. The degradation of waste activated s...

Noninherited antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon whereby a subpopulation of genetically identical bacteria displays phenotypic tolerance to antibiotics. We show here that compared to Escherichia coli, the clinically relevant genus Burkholderia displays much higher levels of cells that tolerate ceftazidime. By measuring the dynamics of the formation of drug-tolerant cells under conditions that...

Biodegradation of 14C-tagged hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) was studied in aerobic, anaerobic, and anaerobic/aerobic slurries to identify the conditions maximizing RDX-mineralization in Cornhusker Army Ammunition Plant (CAAP, NE) groundwater. Supplementation with phosphate and adequate quantities of acetate caused 25% mineralization of RDX in 3 weeks by microorganisms native to C...

The effect of organic phosphates such as inositol hexaphosphate (IHP), ATP, and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) on hemoglobin oxidation by hydroxylamine was studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, the oxidation rate of hemoglobin by hydroxylamine was accelerated as much as about 1.6 times, 1.4 times, and 1.4 times in the presence of IHP, ATP, and 2,3-DPG, resp...

The stereoselectivity of R,S-venlafaxine and its metabolites R,S-O-desmethylvenlafaxine, N-desmethylvenlafaxine, O,N-didesmethylvenlafaxine, N,N-didesmethylvenlafaxine and tridesmethylvenlafaxine was studied in three processes: (i) anaerobic and aerobic laboratory scale tests; (ii) six wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) operating under different conditions; and (iii) a variety of wastewater tr...

We herein analyzed the diversity of microbes involved in anaerobic sulfur oxidation in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor used for treating municipal sewage under low-temperature conditions. Anaerobic sulfur oxidation occurred in the absence of oxygen, with nitrite and nitrate as electron acceptors; however, reactor performance parameters demonstrated that anaerobic conditions we...

The microbial flora associated with carcinoma of the oesophagus was studied in 12 patients. Oesophageal mucosa was biopsied at thoracotomy and cultured under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A heavy mixed growth of aerobic and anaerobic organisms was obtained in all patients. One-third of isolates were anaerobic. The flora was of oral origin. The most appropriate antibiotic combination in...

Corynebacterium glutamicum, a model organism in microbial biotechnology, is known to metabolize glucose under oxygen-deprived conditions to l-lactate, succinate, and acetate without significant growth. This property is exploited for efficient production of lactate and succinate. Our detailed analysis revealed that marginal growth takes place under anaerobic conditions with glucose, fructose, su...