Ocean exploration is one of the fundamental issues for sustainable development human society, which also basis realizing concept Internet Underwater Things (IoUT) applications, such as smart ocean city. The collaboration heterogeneous autonomous marine vehicles (AMVs) based on underwater wireless communication known a practical approach to exploration, typically with surface vehicle (ASV) and g...

Abstract Decadal climate predictions are a relatively new source of information for interannual to decadal time scales, which is increasing interest users. Forecast quality assessment essential identify windows opportunity (e.g., variables, regions, and forecast periods) with skill that can be used develop services inform users in several sectors define benchmarks improvements systems. This wor...

Two RNA phosphoramidites containing the bases 1,N(6)-ethenoadenine (εA) and 3,N(4)-ethenocytosine (εC) were synthesized. These building blocks were incorporated into two 12-mer oligoribonucleotides for evaluation of the base pairing properties of these base lesions by UV melting curve (Tm) and circular dichroism measurements. The Tm data of the resulting duplexes with the etheno modifications o...

While much is known about abasic DNA, the biological impact of abasic RNA is largely unexplored. To test the mutagenic potential of this RNA lesion in the context of retroviruses, we synthesized a 31-mer oligoribonucleotide containing an abasic (rAS) site and used it as a template for studying DNA primer extension by HIV-1, avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) and moloney murine leukemia virus (MML...

The water-soluble vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is important for normal cellular functions, growth, and development. The vitamin is obtained from two exogenous sources: a dietary source, which is absorbed in the small intestine, and a bacterial source, where the vitamin is synthesized in significant quantities by the normal microflora of the large intestine. Evidence exists to suggest the bioavailabi...

Avian acute leukemia viruses are a group of defective retroviruses which cause neoplasia in animals after short periods of latency. Transformation induced by the acute leukemia viruses usually manifest the direct expression of one or two viral one genes that include characteristic elements transduced from cellular genes termed proto-oncogenes. Table I demonstrates the oncogenic properties of th...

A study was made of the DNA polymerase of reptilian type C virus isolated from Russell's viper spleen cells. Simultaneous detection experiments demonstrated the presence of 70S RNA and RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity in reptilian type C virions. The endogenous activity was dependent on the addition of all four deoxynucleotide triphosphates and demonstrated an absolute requirement for a di...

Streptonigrin was first isolated from Streptomyces flocculus as an antitumor antibiotici;). Later, the antibiotic was recognized to be a potent inhibitor of avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) reverse transcriptase2). Recently, we reported that streptonigrin inhibited AMV reverse transcriptase mainly by interacting with an enzyme molecule3). According to the results of the kinetic analysis, strept...