The chemical and petrochemical industries produce wastewaters containing ammonium and phenolic compounds. Biological treatment of these wastewaters could be problematic due to the possible inhibitory effects exerted by phenolic compounds. The feasibility of performing simultaneous nitritation and p-nitrophenol (PNP) biodegradation using a continuous aerobic granular reactor was evaluated. A nit...

The ratios of bicarbonate uptake to substrate oxidation were measured for three genera of nitrifying bacteria. The ratios for the two ammonium oxidizers tested were essentially the same; 0.0863 +/- 0.0055 and 0.0868 +/- 0.0091 mumol of bicarbonate were taken up per umol ammonium oxidized for Nitrosomonas europaea and a Nitrosospira strain, respectively. For Nitrobacter sp., a ratio of 0.0236 +/...

Measurements show that anaerobic ammonium oxidation with nitrite (anammox) is a major pathway of fixed nitrogen removal in the anoxic zones of the open ocean. Anammox requires a source of ammonium, which under anoxic conditions could be supplied by the breakdown of sinking organic matter via heterotrophic denitrification. However, at many locations where anammox is measured, denitrification rat...

The ammonium-directed, metal-free oxidation of 3-(N,N-dibenzylamino)cyclohex-1-ene with mCPBA in the presence of either trichloroacetic acid or tosic acid has been used as the key step to facilitate the synthesis of all the diastereoisomers of 3-aminocyclohexane-1,2-diol, in >98% de in each case.

In this Communication, we report on the first preparation of conjugation polymer poly(2,3-diaminonaphthalene) (PDAN) microspheres via chemical oxidation polymerization of 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) monomers by ammonium persulfate (APS) at room temperature. We further demonstrate the use of PDAN microspheres as a novel quencher for fluorescence-enhanced nucleic acid detection.

According to UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nano-sized manganese oxides are proposed as active catalysts for water oxidation in the reaction of some manganes...

We, for the first time, report that many Mn oxides (Mn3O4, α-Mn2O3, β-MnO2, CaMnO3, Ca2Mn3O8, CaMn3O6 and CaMn4O8) in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate, in the water oxidation, convert to layered Mn oxide. This layered Mn oxide is an efficient water oxidizing catalyst.

A novel ammonium iodide-induced sulfonylation of alkenes with DMSO and water toward the synthesis of vinyl methyl sulfones is described. The process proceeded smoothly under metal-free conditions with high stereoselectivity and good functional group tolerance. The reaction mechanism was revealed to proceed through a domino reaction of oxidation and elimination after the radical addition to alke...

A high solid digester with dewatered sludge was operated for 110 days to ascertain the interactions between bacterial and archaeal communities under ammonium stress, as well as the corresponding changes in bio-degradation mechanisms. The volatile solids reduction (95% confidence intervals in mean) changed from 31.6 ± 0.9% in the stable period (day 40-55) to 21.3 ± 1.5% in the last period (day 7...