At the onset of radiation exposure, free radicals are formed through ionizing reactions that are then capable of destroying normal tissues. While cells release a level of protective molecules, such as glutathione and metallothionine, they are not capable of blocking all damage, thus resulting in the death of normal tissues and therefore, we must continue to develop strategies to protect normal ...

The activity of a triplet of chemotherapeutic drugs, namely docetaxel, gemcitabine and liposomal doxorubicin, was investigated in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The regimen was supported with amifostine cytoprotection (1000mg injected subcutaneously) and hemopoietic growth factors (rhuG-CSF and rhuEPO) in an attempt to minimize the substantial toxicity reported in previous s...

Objective: To evaluate the protective efficacy of certain chemoprotectants against cyclic peptide hepatotoxic microcystin-LR in mice. Material and Methods: Swiss albino female mice were used in all experiments for screening antidotes against the lethal dose of microcystin-LR (100 μg/kg body weight, i.p.). The agents, Dglucose, mannitol, dihydroxyacetone, Trolox, L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, am...

AIMS The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of adjuvant interventions for radioiodine in patients with thyroid cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search was undertaken on July 9, 2014. RevMan 5 software was used to synthesize data. RESULTS 13 randomized controlled trials were included. The pooled risk ratio of 0.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96-1.02, p = 0.58) ind...

Sulphur mustard, [bis (2-chloroethyl)] sulphide (SM), is a bifunctional alkylating agent. SM forms sulphonium ion in the body which alkylates DNA and several other macromolecules, and induces oxidative stress. Although several antidotes have been screened for the treatment of systemic toxicity of SM in experimental animals none of them are recommended so far. In the search for more effective an...

An important, though as yet elusive, goal of cancer chemotherapy is the development of agents that are selectively toxic to tumor cells and, thus, permit effective cancer treatment to be administered without severe, often life-threatening toxicity to normal tissues. Until such agents are available, an alternative strategy to improve the therapeutic index of cancer chemotherapy is the administra...

Since hyperglycemia is involved in the "aspirin resistance" occurring in diabetes, we aimed at evaluating whether high glucose interferes with the aspirin-induced inhibition of thromboxane synthesis and/or activation of the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) pathway in platelets. For this purpose, in platelets from 60 healthy volunteers incubated for 60 min with 5-25 mmo...

BACKGROUND WR1065 is the free-thiol metabolite of the cytoprotective aminothiol amifostine, which is used clinically at very high doses to protect patients against toxicity induced by radiation and chemotherapy. In an earlier study we briefly reported that the aminothiol WR1065 also inhibits HIV-1 replication in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human T-cell blasts (TCBs) infected in culture ...