cognize this dilemma might encourage them to develop functional teams. Individual neurologists and geriatricians could continue to diagnose routine neurological problems referred to them. In addition, they could subspecialize so that each might have a specific input in a multidisciplinary team which focused, for example, on the diagnosis and continuing care of the big three: stroke, the epileps...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Currently available therapies are symptomatic but do not alter underlying disease progression. Immunotherapeutic approaches such as anti Aβ peptide active vaccination trials have had limited success to date. Intravenous immunoblobulin (IVIg) is widely used in immune-mediated neurological disorders such myasthenia gravis and...

We previously have found biofilms in the hippocampi of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) post mortem brain specimens. We had seen them in an extracellular location and noted them to be present in the areas of pathological plaque formation. Other investigators have found the presence of spirochetes (Lyme and dental) in affected (AD) brains, and these have been correlated with Treponema pallidum. In a rec...

Much experimental evidence suggests that age-related brain pathologies are most often mediated by reactive oxygen species primarily originating from mitochondria (mROS). Two papers with such evidence have been recently published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (Stefanova et al., J Alzheimers Dis 21, 476-491, 2010; Lloret et al., J Alzheimers Dis, doi: 10.3233/JAD-2011-110890). In the firs...

Background: Recent studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) is the most important indicator in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the results in previous studies are conflicting. This study aimed to assess the plasma levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as DNA oxidative damage marker and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in patients with AD versus control group. ...