This paper distinguishes between self-sacrifice and altruism, and reports a cross-sectional survey of working managers (n = 127). The study tested how the two variables differentially affect transformational leadership. Results yielded evidence that altruism is a better predictor of transformational leadership than self-sacrifice is. The hypothesis that self-sacrifice would enhance the effect o...

Multiagent systems often require coordination among the agents to maximize system utility. Using the notion of favors, we propose a technique, flexible reciprocal altruism, which determines when one agent should grant a favor to another agent based on past interactions. The desired rate of altruism is controllable, and as a result the loss associated with granting unmatched favors is bounded an...

I analyze the evolution of altruistic preferences in a population where individuals are matched pairwise to play a one-shot public goods game. I determine the evolutionarily stable degree of altruism, allowing for assortative matching. The stable degree of altruism is strictly smaller than the degree of assortativity. In particular, if matching is completely random, spite is stable, and a posit...

The present paper discusses the association of power and approval motives with adolescent altruistic behaviour. Gender difference was also tried to calculate. The present study comprised of 140 students (70 boys and 70 girls) of age range 13-19 years. Participants were given Selfreport Altruism Scale, Power Motive Scale, and Approval Motive Scale. Results indicate that altruism is positively co...

We study gender differences in altruism by examining a modiŽed dictator game with varying incomes and prices. Our results indicate that the question “which is the fair sex?” has a complicated answer—when altruism is expensive, women are kinder, but when it is cheap, men are more altruistic. That is, we Žnd that the male and female “demand curves for altruism” cross, and that men are more respon...