A study was conducted to compare the relative effects of three different kindergarten schedules on children’s achievement in reading, writing, and math and prosocial classroom behaviors. Subjects included 47 children attending all-day kindergarten, 56 children attending alternateday kindergarten, and 44 children attending half-day kindergarten. Individual achievement tests were administered in ...

CONTEXT A common question from most patients or laboratories is whether blood sample for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (fT4) needs to be collected in a fasting state and whether time of the day when sample is collected matters. AIMS The aim of the study was to study the impact of the time of day and food intake on levels of TSH and fT4. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Cross-sectional pr...

INTRODUCTION To avoid the risk of pulmonary aspiration, fasting before anaesthesia is important. We postulated that the rate of noncompliance with fasting would be high in patients who were admitted on the day of surgery. Therefore, we surveyed patients in our institution to determine the rate of fasting compliance. We also examined patients' knowledge on preoperative fasting, as well as their ...

literature concerning the effects of ramadan fasting on sports performance presents conflicting results. in this context, some studies reported a significant impairment of sports performance during the month of ramadan. however, other studies suggested that ramadan fasting has no significant effect on physical performance.  the discrepancies between the studies could be explained by time-of-day...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) may act as a key enzyme for metabolic adaptation to calorie restriction (CR) or reduced growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling, an experimental intervention for lifespan extension in animals. We investigated the protein levels of AMPKalpha and a downstream enzyme, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), by immunoblotting of liver and quadricep...

Intermittent fasting (IF) was suggested to be a powerful nutritional strategy to prevent the onset of age-related neurodegenerative diseases associated with compromised brain bioenergetics. Whether the application of IF in combination with a mitochondrial insult could buffer the neurodegenerative process has never been explored yet. Herein, we defined the effects of IF in C57BL/6J mice treated ...

In developing countries the rise of obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, reflects the changes in lifestyle habits and wrong dietary choices. Dietary restriction (DR) regimens have been shown to extend health span and lifespan in many animal models including primates. Identifying biomarkers predictive of clinical benefits of treatm...

Whilst there has been considerable research into the potential uses of digital games in the classroom, there has been less investigation into the educational value of Alternate Reality Games (ARGs). Unlike console or computer games, in ARGs the game-world is constructed through a combination of onand off-screen media, and is created and shaped through dynamic dialogue between the designers and ...

We formulate quenched chiral perturbation theory for heavy-light mesons coupled to pions, and calculate the one-loop chiral logarithmic corrections to fB, fBs , BB and BBs . We also calculate these corrections for “partially quenched” theories. In both theories, the chiral logarithms diverge in the chiral limit, indicating that (partially) quenched theories should not be used to study this limi...

The first sentence of last paragraph, column 1, page 61 should read: “In the 2004 United Kingdom Infantile Spasms study, spasm freedom was achieved in 70% children taking high dose oral prednisolone (40–60 mg/day) and 76% ACTH (40 IU/alternate day) [21]” instead mg/kg/day) [21].”