Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine likely relates to smooth muscle dysfunction in asthma patients and to a geometric function of reduced airway caliber in COPD patients.1 This geometric phenomenon should contribute to AHR in asthmatic patients with nonreversible obstruction. Therapy with albuterol markedly protects against methacholine-induced smooth muscle contraction.2–5 We hypo...

BACKGROUND Aerosol face mask design and the distance at which the face mask is held from the face affect the delivery of nebulized medication to pediatric patients. OBJECTIVE To measure the inhaled mass of nebulized albuterol with 3 types of pediatric face mask, at 3 different distances from the face, with a model of a spontaneously breathing infant. METHODS We compared a standard pediatric...

ackground: Previous studies have shown that mucociliary clearance (MCC) is diminished after lung transplantation. However, it is unknown how early this deficit occurs after transplantation, or whether the abnormality can be improved by pharmacologic means. We hypothesized that impairment of MCC is evident soon after lung transplantation and that the defect in MCC can be improved by inhaled 2-ad...

Forty-four adult patients with acute asthma were treated with albuterol at a rate of 15 mg/h over 2 h. Analysis of covariance showed a significantly higher baseline adjusted mean for both percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PFEV1) (p = 0.045) and percent predicted forced vital capacity (PFVC) (p = 0.022) at 50 and 110 min for the patients who reported triamcinolone use. Although ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro deposition of both drug (albuterol sulfate) and carrier (lactose) particles in relation to each other from a dry powder inhaler formulation using an Andersen cascade impactor (ACI) and time of flight aerosol beam spectrometry (TOFABS). In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with X-ray microanalysis was employed to disting...

BACKGROUND Advances in nebulizer design have produced both ultrasonic nebulizers and devices based on a vibrating mesh (vibrating mesh nebulizers), which are expected to enhance the efficiency of aerosol drug therapy. The aim of this study was to compare 4 different nebulizers, of 3 different types, in an in vitro model using albuterol delivery and physical characteristics as benchmarks. METH...

AIM We evaluated the use of computerized quantification of wheezing and crackles compared to a clinical score in assessing the effect of inhaled albuterol or inhaled epinephrine in infants with RSV bronchiolitis. METHODS Computerized lung sounds analysis with quantification of wheezing and crackles and a clinical score were used during a double blind, randomized, controlled nebulized treatmen...