DNA repair genes have an important role in protecting individuals from cancer-causing agents. Polymorphisms in several DNA repair genes have been identified and individuals with non-dramatic reductions in the capacity to repair DNA damage are observed in the population, but the impact of specific genetic variants on repair phenotype and cancer risk has not yet been clarified. In 308 healthy Ita...

The formation of DNA adducts can lead to DNA replication errors and the potential for carcinogenesis. DNA adducts have been detected in prostate cells, but the distribution of adducts with respect to prostate cancer risk factors and histology is unknown. In a study of 130 Caucasian (n = 61) and African-American (n = 69) men with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy, we quantified...

The excision and persistence of covalent DNA adducts formed by A/-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAAF) were stud ied in human skin fibroblasts. The changes in adduct concen tration as a function of posttreatment incubation were meas ured in purified nucleosomal core DNA and in total nuclear DNA, and from these data the changes in adduct concentration in nucleosomal linker DNA were calculated. I...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Some models of chronic ethanol administration resulted in decreased proteasome activities. The mechanisms still remain speculative. In the present study, we tested another model of alcoholization with high blood alcohol levels (BALs) and high acetaldehyde fluxes as well as the in vitro effect of acetaldehyde on proteasome. Methods/ RESULTS Ethanol vapour chronically inhaled by...

Treatment of luminescence quenching upon adduct formation is often overlooked, leading to macroscopic errors. Here we provide a complete guide its treatment, for correct mechanism assessment and obtain reliable association constants.

RATIONALE Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS)-based techniques commonly used in oligonucleotide analyses are known to be sensitive to alkali metal adduct formation. Adducts directly impact the sensitivity of MS-based analyses as the available charge is distributed across the parent peak and adduct(s). The current study systematically evaluated common liquid chromatography (LC) co...

The dimensions and arrangements of aromatic rings (topology) in adducts derived from the reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) diol epoxide metabolites with DNA influence the distortions and stabilities of double-stranded DNA, and hence their recognition and processing by the human nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P) is a highly tumorigenic six-ri...

In spite of numerous research efforts, the exact etiology of autoimmune diseases remains largely unknown. Genetics and environmental factors, including xenobiotics, are believed to be involved in the induction of autoimmune disease. Some environmental chemicals, acting as haptens, can bind to a high-molecular-weight carrier protein such as human serum albumin (HSA), causing the immune system to...

Five monoclonal antibodies were obtained after fusion of mouse P3 x 63 myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice that had been immunized with aflatoxin B,-adducted DMA complexed with methylated bovine serum albumin. Selected hybridomas were found to produce monoclonal anti bodies specific for modified DMA containing both the 2,3dihydro-2-(/V7-guanyl)-3-hydroxyaflatoxin B, and th...