Graz University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, A6 8010 Graz, Austria; Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Messeweg 11, D-38104 Braunschweig, 7 Germany, Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute, National Banana Research Program, 8 Uganda; Makerere University, Department of Agricultural Production, College of 9 Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Uganda and B...

jamal–od-din al-asadabadi (1838-1897) is one of the greatest reformers in modern islamic history. he has valuable views and suggestions of advancement of the islamic world and unity among muslims, and he is one of the pioneers of the fight against despotism and colonialism. the reformer thinker has paid many attempts for the renewal of religious understanding that fits contemporary necessities....

abstract from ancient time, iranians were interested in searching in the realm of arabic language and culture. it happens because of the necessities and religious background of arabic language, to some extent is due to iranian trend toward getting new knowledge, also it relates to the discussion of aesthetics and art. therefore, gradually we have observed some works in these domains and as a re...

Among scholars of literature, there is a discussion about whether modern Arab women write fiction differently from their male counterparts. Some argue that writers have special concerns which result specific experiences in Muslim society and determine not only the thematic spectrum works, but also specific, sometimes vague manner literary expression. This based mostly on works prominent Egypt, ...

The author contends that sex differentials in childhood mortality in Pakistan are a likely outcome of son preference behavior by parents. Consideration is given to the historical improvement in the female disadvantage in mortality, the neglect of female children, gender and class factors, and son preference and high fertility. Data are from the 1981 Pakistan census and other official surveys....

Holistic processing and left-side bias are both behavioral markers of expert face recognition. In contrast, expertise in Chinese character recognition involves left-side bias but reduced holistic processing (Hsiao & Cottrell, 2009). Here we examine whether the reduction in holistic processing associated with expert Chinese character recognition can be better explained by writing rather than rea...

There is an increasing expectation that academic and clinical nurses will contribute to disciplinary and professional discourses through scholarly writing. However, the difficulties and challenges associated with writing for publication mean that many papers will never be written. This current paper describes an innovative approach developed to support skill development and outcomes in writing ...

In handwritten text there are usually several accepted styles for forming each character. We hypothesize that in the handwriting of individuals there is a correlation among the styles used for characters, and that these correlations may be used to anticipate which styles particular writers will use for symbols that have not yet been seen. This approach may prove useful in the setting of mathema...

Feminist and posthumanist writers have described the need for a relational ontology that challenges the boundaries of the human self (see e.g. Braidotti, Wolfe, Shildrick). Further support for this comes from recent work in the philosophy of biology, which argues that we must rethink the biological individual beyond the boundary of the species. A key part of our essential functioning is carried...

In this paper, we propose a method for handwritten text characterization based on a multiscale and multiresolution drawing analysis. The approach lies on the definition of four complementary handwritten text visual dimensions: the macro and micro orientation (obtained with a frequencies multiscale image analysis), the text linearity (defined by the merge of connected components), the curvature ...