A simple method based on air etalons of a transparent cavity is proposed to simultaneously measure the group refractive index and thickness of a transparent optical plate by spectral domain low coherence interferometry. In this method, only a single beam path is needed in contrast to the two beam paths, the reference and sample arms, of the conventional Michelson interferometer. An empty cavity...

~bstkzcthe open-ended coaxial probe with lift-off is studied the effects of air gap on dielectric measurements. Also, in using a full-wave inalysis, and an uncertainty analysis is presented. The field equations for the following terminations are worked out: (1) the sample extends to x in the positive axial direction, (2) the sample is backed by a well-characterized material, and (3) the sample ...

Weekly composite air samples were collected from early April through to mid-September 1995 at three paired urban and agricultural sites along the Mississippi River region of the Midwestern United States. The paired sampling sites were located in Mississippi, Iowa, and Minnesota. A background site, removed from dense urban and agricultural areas, was located on the shore of Lake Superior in Mich...

V2O5 xerogel films were fabricated by casting V2O5 sols onto FTO glass substrates and annealing at 300 C for 3 hours in nitrogen and air. The films annealed in nitrogen and air possessed different grain size and crystallinity. Optical absorption measurements and electrochemical impedance analyses revealed a reduced optical bandgap and enhanced electrical conductivity of N2 annealed V2O5 film. L...

black tea sample was dried by a vibro-fluidized bed dryer to find its aerodynamic behavior and thermal performance during drying. the drying experiments were conducted at three different inlet air temperatures of 100, 115 and 130°c and fluidization condition at five vibration intensity levels of 0 (no vibration), 0.063, 0.189, 0.395 and 1.184. the results showed that bed channeling and defluidi...

This study evaluated workplace performance of a full facepiece, negative pressure, air-purifying respirator with P100 filters in a lead refining plant. Air samples for lead were collected inside and outside the respirators worn by workers who were properly trained and quantitatively fit tested. Trained observers assisted in the study to ensure sample validity. Three to four pairs of air samples...

Aerial dust originating from feed is a major contributor to poor air quality in swine confinement buildings. Studies have shown that addition of fats and oils to swine feed reduces its dustiness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of several high–oil corn (HOC) varieties on reducing aerodynamic dust segregation (ADS) as compared with conventional or normal corn (NC) a...

Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, is home to the U.S.–Mexico border’s largest maquiladora labor force, and also its worst air pollution. We marshal two types of evidence to examine the link between maquiladoras and air pollution in Ciudad Juárez, and in its sister city, El Paso, Texas. First, we use a publicly available sector-level emissions inventory for Ciudad Juárez to determine the importance of a...