High power and miniaturization of motors in an in-wheel drive system, which is installed inside the wheels of a vehicle, are required for directly driving the wheels. In addition, an efficient cooling system is required to ensure high driving performance and durability. This study experimentally evaluated the heat dissipation performance of a 35-kW-class large-capacity in-wheel motor equipped w...

The harmonic generation process in a harmonic cascade (HC) FEL is subject to noise degradation which is proportional to the square of the total harmonic order. In this paper, we study the shot noise evolution in the first-stage modulator and radiator of a HC FEL that produces the dominant noise contributions. We derive the effective input noise for a modulator operating in the low-gain regime, ...

It is difficult to evaluate the sloshing load acting on a fixed roof of tank because it depends on the collision of the liquid to the roof. In this paper, the SPH simulation was introduced to evaluate the load acting on a fixed roof. The results obtained by the simulation showed good agreement with those obtained from other method. In addition, the effect of the roof-liquid clearance on the slo...

We compare the outdoor performance of single junction a-Si:H PV-modules which were mounted in three different ways. One was thermally well isolated against convection and radiation losses in order to reach maximum operating temperatures. A second one was fixed onto a radiator to keep its temperature as close as possible to the one of the air. A third one served as reference and was mounted with...

Despite the similar performance of Bazaar1 in different cities of Iran, there are some the skeletal differences between markets in different climates. The Bazaar roof protects customers against natural events in any climate. The ceiling height and the sitting down of the Bazaar`s floor are determined based on the need for air circulation and movement in various climates. Hence, combination of a...

The 1919 Urban Building Law introduced regulations for fire walls, but these were mainly based on foreign laws and regulations. From the 1930s, nature of fires in wooden buildings was analysed through experiments. During war, simple lath mortar firewalls permitted, 1942 Air Defence Amendment Rules boundary walls bulkheads roof-spaces. Eventually, 1950 Standard Law, again required to be fire-res...

The components and claddings of low-rise building are usually destroyed first during typhoon disasters in coastal areas. Roof accessory structures can change the flow pattern on the roof, thus effectively reducing the wind load on the roof surface and the damage to the low rise buildings. Two types of aerodynamic mitigation plates, i.e., (1) 0.3 m high full length roof-edge plate, and (2) 0.3 m...

Automatic extraction of buildings from digital images aims at detection of buildings from digital images and reconstruction of roof structure automatically. At Pictometry, more than 30 million images are captured every year and how to extract the useful information of objects on the ground from the existing image library for various applications is a big challenge we face now. In this paper, an...

Traditionally, attic space in buildings is perceived as a source of nuisance where the moisture condensation occurs in winter encourages mildew growth, and heat build up in the attic space in summer increases the cooling load. However, if the attic is integrated in a holistic design and control strategy, it can function as a solar collector, a heat exchanger, and a desiccant!. This research inv...

In this paper, to identify the roof unconfined compressive strength (UCS) in process of coal mine roadway support real-time and optimize drilling speed while drilling, paper proposes establishes a test method for assessing uniaxial roof. This can be used drilling. Moreover, mathematical model power output is developed roof-strata identification system with system. The results were as follows: (...