Athletes who perform repeated exercise while breathing cold air have a high prevalence of asthmalike chronic airway disease, but the mechanism linking such activity to airway inflammation is unknown. We used a novel animal model (exercising horses) to test the hypothesis that exercise-induced chronic airway disease is caused by exposure of intrapulmonary airways to unconditioned air, resulting ...

The radial disposition of air in the flesh of fruit of Malus domestica Borkh., cv 'Braeburn' was investigated using a gravimetric technique based on Archimedes' principle. Intercellular air volume was measured by weighing a small tissue sample under water before and after vacuum infiltration to remove the air. In a separate procedure, the volume of the same sample was measured by recording the ...

Abstract Industrial 4.0 accelerates the need to introduce clean energy accommodate increase in electricity demand globally without causing environmental issues. Metal-air battery is a new type of storage system which metal anode consumed generate through electrochemical reaction. Among various types anode, aluminum promising carrier. Aluminum-air shows advantages such as high capacity, abundanc...

To cite: Eckel SP, Cockburn M, Shu Y-H, et al. Thorax 2016;71:891–898. ABSTRACT Rationale Exposure to ambient air pollutants has been associated with increased lung cancer incidence and mortality, but due to the high case fatality rate, little is known about the impacts of air pollution exposures on survival after diagnosis. This study aimed to determine whether ambient air pollutant exposures ...

We demonstrate the combined use of liquid and air measurements with the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for quantitative analysis of multistep reaction procedures leading to immobilized proteins on solid surfaces. Reactions are conducted on the surfaces of QCM sensor crystals and are quantified by measurements of resonant frequency of the crystals before and after each reaction step. When rea...

background: t-2 toxin is a mycotoxin of type a trichothecenes produced by several fungal genera such as fusarium species. mycotoxins can affect both cell mediated and humoral immune compartments. objective: the purpose of this study was to investi-gate the effect of t-2 toxin on cytokine production by mouse peritoneal macrophages and lymph node t cells. methods: mouse peritoneal macrophages and...