Triethylenetetramine dihydrochloride (trien-2HCl; CAS No. 38260-01-04), a chelating agent used to treat Wilson's disease patients who are intolerant of the drug of choice, was tested for subchronic toxicity in B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats. Mice and rats received trien-2HCl in the drinking water at concentrations of 0, 120, 600, or 3000 ppm for up to 92 days. Twenty mice and 18 rats of each sex wer...

BACKGROUND Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are at high risk for anal cancer, few data have been published on prevalence of and risk factors for anal precancer and potential screening strategies in this risk group. METHODS A cross-sectional anal screening study was nested in a gynecological cohort of HIV-infected women. Anal swab specimens were collected for cytology...

Primary autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is caused by granulocyte-specific autoantibodies and occurs predominantly in infancy. Clinical presentation and diagnosis have not been well established, resulting in burdening diagnostic investigations and unnecessary treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In the present study, clinical, laboratory, and immunologic data of 240 infants...

Background: There are no prospective randomized controlled trials describing the outcome of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) treated with steroids, and retrospective studies are limited. Methods: We identified adult patients with a diagnosis of AIN without glomerular pathology over a 14-year period. Treated patients all received oral prednisolone and three also recieved IV methylprednisolone....

BACKGROUND Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is an important cause of reversible acute kidney injury. At least 70% of AIN is caused by various drugs, mainly penicillins and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Quinolones are only rarely known to cause AIN and so far cases have been mainly described with older fluoroquinolones. CASE PRESENTATION Here we describe a case of biopsy proven inte...

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) represents a frequent cause of acute kidney injury, accounting for 15-27% of renal biopsies performed because of this condition. By and large, drug-induced AIN is currently the commonest etiology of AIN, with antimicrobials and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being the most frequent offending agents. Pathogenesis is based on an immunologic reaction agains...

©2003 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery doi.10.1302/0301-620X.85B3.14147 $2.00 J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2003;85-B:313-8. Palsy of the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) was first described by Tinel1 in 1918 under the title ‘Dissociated paralysis of the median nerve’. In 1948 Parsonage and Turner2 noted six examples of this syndrome in a review of 136 patients with neuralgic amyot...

Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) of early childhood is caused by autoantibodies against antigens on the neutrophil membrane. Human leukocyte (HLA) have previously been associated with AIN. This study investigated HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles in 160 antibody positive patients compared 1000 controls. Increased risk was observed for DRB1*10, DRB1*14, DRB1*16 DQB1*05, lower DRB1*04, DRB1*13 DQB1*03. H...