Much remains to be done before agricultural trade is as liberal as world trade in manufactures. But agriculture is distorted by more than agricultural policies. In developing countries especially, farming is discouraged not only by farm protection policies in high-income countries but also by those countries' own manufacturing policies and distortions to services markets. This paper explores th...

Weed species Anoda cristata, Ipomoeahederacea,and I. trilobaare reported for the first time for the flora of Iran. Trianthema portulacastrum, andMerremiadissecta, which have been previously reported as a doubtful and an ornamental species respectively from non-agricultural areas, are recorded for the first time from arable and farmlands of the country. Exact localities, crops, distribution, ill...

rural industrialization or establishing industries in rural area as an important and most prevalent procedure for non agricultural economic development is discussed in this article. lack of main agricultural production parameters like water resource, rich and suitable soil, in these areas, in spite of plenty of manpower, directs the situation to day by day immigration rate from rural areas. ind...

road network (rn) can affect patterns and distribution of land uses and covers. road network expansion has both direct and indirect impacts on land uses and covers changes. agricultural land conversions (alcs) are especially known as one of the main important types of land use changes. the purpose of this paper, in addition to estimation of the direct impact of rn expansion on alcs, is to evalu...

Global agricultural feeds over 7 billion people, but is also a leading cause of environmental degradation. Understanding how alternative agricultural production systems, agricultural input efficiency, and food choice drive environmental degradation is necessary for reducing agriculture’s environmental impacts. A meta-analysis of life cycle assessments that includes 742 agricultural systems and ...

identifying role of extension system in adoption of new technologies have important role to developing favorable extension systems. for supporting sustainable agriculture in iran needs extension systems to be carefully thought and accurately implemented. the purpose of this is analyzing role of extension activities in adoption of sustainable agriculture. based on the results the attending agric...

this study has aimed to analyze and evaluate the natural and agricultural hazards of guilan province. guilan province, due to the presence of multiple life zones and the existence of permanent rivers, suitable lands and important wetlands, can produce a variety of crops and livestock productions, which gives this province a prominent statues and natural and agricultural hazards could result in ...

issues paper Acknowledgements Minority Rights Group International (MRG) gratefully acknowledges the support of all organizations and individuals who gave financial and other assistance for this paper, including the Department for International Development (UK) and CORDAID. She is an economist specializing in the analysis of poverty, inequality and redistribution in developing countries, the eco...